1961 - Linus Pauling Day-by-Day - Special Collections

Abstract: “Mutation Frequency in Mice Exposed to Radiation of Intermediate Dose Rate.” [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: The Biological Effects of Radiation, 1960-1962: Box #7.016, Folder #16.19]

Annotated Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom Engagement Calendar, 1961. [Filed under AHP Biographical: (AHP: Calendars, Engagement Books, and Notebooks, 1960-1968), Box#3.006, Folder#6.1]

Article by Dr. W. Kirmse: “Neues über Carbene.” [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1963), Box #1963a2, Folder #1963a2.1]

Article: “Christmas”, by Robert G. Ingersoll. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Article: “Fallout: Final Figures,” Nuclear Information. [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Nuclear Fallout; Radiation Hazards, 1960-1961: Box #7.004, Folder #4.22]

Article: “USA’s Nazi-Fascist Christian Fuehrers”, by Blanche Lee Puccinelli. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Article: “We’re too Scared to Think,” Saturday Evening Post. [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Herman Kahn, 1960-1961: Box #6.011, Folder #11.6]

Award: American Humanist Association, Humanist of the Year, Plaque. [Filed under LP Awards & Honors: 1961h.5]

Background Material RE: “A Theory of Ferromagnetism,” reprinted from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp.551-560. June 1953. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP), Box #1962a3, Folder #1962a3.9]

Biographical Sketch: “Mr. Irving J. Stolberg.” [Handwritten note on bottom: “I am pleased to be offering my assistance to your dedicated efforts.”] [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Birthday card from Edith and Joe Williams to LP, RE: Sincerest good wishes for LP's health and happiness. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1960-1962), #445.2]

Birthday card from Sten Samson to LP, RE: Samson wishes LP a happy birthday. [Filed under LP Correspondence (S. Individual Correspondence (Samson, Sten), 1961) #357.1]

Birthday card from Walter A. Schmidt to LP, RE: Sends his wishes for LP's continued health and happiness. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1960-1961), #381.2]

Book Review: Chemie - cine Einführung. Written in German. Review of the German edition of LP’s General Chemistry by Dr. J. Euler. Published in Umschau 1961 No. 22 [Filed under LP Books: 1953b2.6]

Booklet: Act of Bogotá: Measures for social improvement and economic development within the framework of operation Pan America, Pan American Union, Washington D.C. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Brochure for “American-European Seminar: International Goodwill Tour”. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1960-1966), #99.2]

Brochure, “The Arms Race or the Human Race? We Still Have a Choice.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, Na-On), Box #4.013, Folder #13.1]

Card from Albert A. Fegan, to LP. RE: Wishes him a happy birthday. [Filed under LP Correspondence: F: Correspondence, 1961: Box #129 Folder #129.5]

Card from J. D. Bernal to LP, RE: “Greetings and Good Wishes for the New Year.” [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Individual Correspondence. (Beach-Birge)), #27.14]

Card from LP to Howard Plummer RE: LP Gives permission to use his statement in Plummer’s song. [Letters from Plummer to LP November 6, 1961 and November 8, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Card from Malinda K. Maglione, Research Administrator, to LP, RE: Requests a reprint of “A Molecular Theory of General Anesthesia.” Handwritten at the bottom: “reprint mailed.” [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

Catalogues: “Essentials of Chemistry in the Laboratory” Harper W. Frantz and Lloyd E. Malm, W. H. Freeman & Co., [Filed under LP Books: 1964b.6]

Chemistry I Minimum Assignments, Fall 1961. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Individual Correspondence. (Caen-Cassyd)), #57.6]

Document: “This is the San Francisco To Moscow Walk for Peace,” Committee for Nonviolent Action. [Filed under AHP materials re: Women and Peace: (Newsletter and Pamphlets re: Committee for Nonviolent Action; Peace Action Center), Box#4.010, Folder#10.14]

Draft Letter from AHP to unknown, RE: The Oslo Conference and Holiday greetings. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Draft letter from AHP to the Students at Reed College, RE: AHP explains the petition to the stop the spread of nuclear weapons and hopes that students will be willing to sign. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Endorsements of the Survival Forum. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Envelope RE: “L.P. Bank Receipts 1961.” [Note 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP January 3, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP January 9, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP January 20, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP February 2, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP February 8, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP February 17, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP February 20, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP February 24, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP March 7, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP March 7, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP March 21, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP March 21, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP March 29, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP March 31, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP April 5, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP April 5, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP April 11, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP April 19, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP May 8, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP May 8, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP May 11, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP May 19, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP June 15, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP June 26, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP June 28, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP June 28, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP July 6, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP July 6, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP and AHP July 14, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP August 7, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP August 14, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP August 24, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP September 1, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP September 15, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP September 28, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP October 23, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP November 10, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP November 20, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP November 29, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP December 14, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP December 21, 1961, Receipt from First Western Bank to LP December 26, 1961] [Filed under LP Biographical: Business and Financial: Box #4.030, Folder #30.1]

Envelope marked “1961 Appeal to stop the spread of Nuclear Weapons. About 500 signatures (not delivered to UN-arrived too late). We delivered about 75,000. Equal number sent in separately.” [Filed under LP Safe: Drawer 1, Folder 1.030]

First Problem Set, Undergraduate Seminar “Structural Inorganic Chemistry,” by C.D. Coryell. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Individual Correspondence. (Corns-Cushing)), #68.2]

Flier, “Hiroshima Day Commemoration.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Hiroshima Appeal, August 6, 1959 (original draft by LP); Hiroshima Peace Declarations, 1961, 1986-1994), Box #6.004, Folder #4.4]

Flier, “World Peace Foundation: The Walter Hunt Memorial World Peace Plan.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, Wo-Yo), Box #4.017, Folder #17.6]

Flyer, “A Time for Action...Repealing the Useless N.Y. State Fallout Shelter Program,” Greenwich Village Peace Committee. [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961: Box #7.007, Folder #7.22]

Handwritten letter from Lloyd Waxman to LP, RE: Waxman is a high school student entering a scholarship competition and wants to know if LP can give him any information about how to build a mass spectrograph. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1960-1962), #445.2]

Handwritten note reading: “Hold this list of things to be checked and go through manuscript when it is returned. College Chemistry” Lists several page numbers and items to be checked. [Filed under LP Books: 1955b.4]

Handwritten note: Points out some corrections to be made for the next printing of The Nature of the Chemical Bond. [Filed under LP Books: 1960b5.5]

Handwritten notes about possible participants for the Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.003, Folder #3.4]

Home Examination, Undergraduate Seminar “Structural Inorganic Chemistry,” by C.D. Coryell. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Corns-Cushing)), #68.2]

Identification of Conference Participants who may apply for grants to the Claremore Fund in order to attend the Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, Oslo, 2 to 7 May, 1961. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.003, Folder #3.1]

Illegible Date. Letter from A. Kulagin, Deputy Editor-in-Chief, Moscow News, to LP, RE: Sends a copy of their weekly “Moscow News” containing the initial comment on the article by n. Semyonov, Nobel Prizewinner, entitled “Glancing Into the Future of Science”. He hopes that his articles will give LP a better idea of the problems being covered in the discussion that he has been invited to take part in. Attachment: Moscow News, Saturday, February 25, 1961. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Inter-Office Memorandum from Eddie to Richard (Marsh), California Institute of Technology, RE: Has received a complaint on the paper about silver chlorite; the Ag-O and Cl-Cl distances aren’t given. If Richard has them, he should give them to LP. Attachment: Reprint from Acta Crystallographica, Vol. 14, Part 2, February 1961. “On the structure of AgClO2.” [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Individual Correspondence. (Mark, Herman - Mayer)), #244.2]

Invitation to the Chicago Section American Chemical Society presentation of the Fiftieth Willard Gibbs Medal to Professor Louis Plack Hammett on May 19, 1961. Includes a note requesting a message of congratulations to the recipient, if the invitee is unable to attend. [Letter from LP to Hammet, April 18, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Individual Correspondence. (Haaland-Harned)), #151.8]

Journal Article: “Wir leben zwischen 10000 Riesenbomben!” Eit Toter-zehn Pfennige. Written in German. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n2, Folder #1961n2.61]

LP Handwritten Notes, Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, 1961), Box #5.011, Folder #11.7]

LP Notes to Self RE: Background material for the growth of the field related to Laue. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a2, Folder #1961a2.5]

LP Notes to Self: Scientific 1961. RE: A collection of notes LP made to himself in 1961. [Filed under LP Science: (LP Notes to Self: Scientific, 1940, 1945-1992), Box #10.003, Folder #3.14]

Letter from A. Feil to LP, RE: Feil has circulated petitions and apologizes for the delay in returning the signatures. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from A. Turba to LP, RE: Turba is sorry that he does not have more signatures for the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Albert Horowitz to LP, RE: Horowitz requests ten more copies of the petition to circulate. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Alice Correll to LP, RE: Correll requests another copy of the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Amir Chand Khanna to LP, RE: Believes that he has found to prescription for eternal life, and would like to share his ideas with LP. [Letter from LP to Mr. Khanna, July 14, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Letter from Ann Engle to LP, RE: Engle is enclosing 271 signatures and send LP her hopes and prayers. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Anna and Albert Kristjamson to LP, RE: Kristjamson is sending in sixty signatures for the appeal and thanks LP and AHP For their work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Anne Frey to LP, RE: Frey hopes that the signatures she is sending in will reach LP by his deadline so that they may help in his efforts for peace and disarmament. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Anne McTeman to LP, RE: McTeman asks for ten more copies of the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Antoin Aelend, RE: [In French] The queen Elizabeth thanks AHP for her work for peace. The Queen wishes AHP the best of luck in her endeavor. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.001, Folder #1.1]

Letter from August Maymudes to LP, RE: Maymudes is asking for fifty copies of the appeal so that she may circulate them. Maymudes offers to reimburse LP for any mailing expenses. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from B. Winter to LP, RE: Winter is submitting petitions which were filled during the peace rally and peace walk in San Francisco. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Beatrice Zeiger to LP RE: Sends LP a $25.00 contribution in memory of Andrew Mann and tells LP that she appreciates his efforts to devote science to making the world a better place. [Letter from LP to Zeiger February 7, 1961] [Filed under LP Science: (Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1966), Box #11.088, Folder #88.17]

Letter from Belle Liddell to LP, RE: Liddell thanks LP and AHP for their work for peace and their contributions to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Ben Koel to LP, RE: Koel is sending in his final two petitions for a total of twenty submitted. Koel hopes that LP’s efforts will bring peace to the world. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Benjamino Bufano to LP, RE: Bufano thanks LP and AHP for their work in the awakening of the American people and the people of the world towards peace and disarmament. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and singing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Bertha Reynolds to LP, RE: Reynolds is sending in six signatures for the petition and is sorry that she was not able to collect more. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Beverly Krenhhum to LP, RE: Krenhhum asks for two more copies of the petition. She plans to circulate them in her community and hopes that this will be of help in LP’s efforts for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Bo & Wanda Collins to LP, RE: The Collins thank LP for the materials he sent about his peace work. The Collins wish LP the best of luck in his efforts for world peace and disarmament. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Canon L. John Collins to LP, RE: Collins asks if LP would allow his name to be used as a sponsor for the financial appeal that the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament is organizing. [LP’s reply March 22, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, Am-Co), Box #4.010, Folder #10.7]

Letter from Carole Abbey to LP, RE: Abbey is a student and is enthusiastic about the movies LP is making in the field of sane thought concerning nuclear disarmament. Abbey wishes LP the best of luck in his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Charles C. Thomas to LP, RE: Thomas encloses a complimentary copy of Philosophy, Science and the Sociology of Knowledge by I.L. Horowitz and hopes that LP will enjoy it. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (T: Correspondence, 1956-1963), #411.6]

Letter from Charles H. Day, Des Moines Committee on World Peace, to LP, RE: Describes the Committee’s plan to hold public showings of the movie “On The Beach,” and then to follow it with clips of leading scientists supporting it. Asks if LP would be able to provide such a clip, and also recommend two other scientists to do the same. Includes the group’s brochure. [Letter from LP to Day August 10, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1960-1966), #99.2]

Letter from Charles Jan Taylor to LP, RE: Taylor is doing a research theme on the medical chemistry of molecules. He has read several of LP's older articles, but wonders what other new things have been discovered within the last three years that he has missed out on. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (T: Correspondence, 1956-1963), #411.6]

Letter from Charles and Susan Obelch to LP, RE: The Obelch’s thank LP for the opportunity to help in his work towards world disarmament. The Obelch’s hope that they can be of help in the future. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Charlotte Moslen to LP, RE: Moslen is sending in several petitions and thanks LP for his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Clayton Ruby to LP, RE: Ruby is prepared to do something concrete on the important issue of world peace. Ruby hopes that LP will accept his contributions and wishes for success in this work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Coleman Hartzler to LP, RE: Hartzler is sending in three petitions and has distributed several others. Hartzler wishes LP the best of luck in his peace efforts. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.1]

Letter from Corliss to LP, RE: Corliss and Mr. Beinin will see LP when he comes to New York city on November 9th to deliver the signatures to the United Nations. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from D. Huluks to LP, RE: Huluks is sending in a petition that is not full and apologizes for not being able to collect more signatures. The names that Huluks did collect were from faculty members at Northern Illinois University. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Dave Frinkel to LP, RE: Frinkel is sending in signatures which he has collected. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from David Strachan, to LP. RE: Is writing a paper on “Should the U.S. Resume Nuclear Testing?” Asks for information on the subject. [Letter from Harris January 4, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: S: Correspondence, 1961: Box #381.2]

Letter from Debby Lamb to LP, RE: Lamb has ordered 600 petitions through the New York City office of the Student Peace Union and hopes that all the signatures collected will be sent to LP before the deadline. Lamb wishes LP the best of luck with the Oslo Conference. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.4]

Letter from Denys Amief to LP, RE: [In French] Amief adds his signature to the appeal to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.2]

Letter from Dick and Nancy Helmers to LP, RE: The Helmers are sending in the petition which they received to sign from the local Sane group. The Helmers are sorry that they were not able to secure more signatures. The Helmers thank LP for his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Dillon Throckmorton to LP, RE: Throckmorton is sending in signatures and hopes that they are not too late. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Douglas Steere to LP, RE: Steere thanks LP for his work for peace and his devotion to humanity. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Dr. M.B. Colton to LP RE: Sends a paper that he believes will be of interest to LP, and gives him permission to make use of the ideas in any way he sees fit. [Letter from LP to Colton January 31, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Letter from Dr. Strout to LP, RE: Strout encloses some articles that he thinks LP may be interested in. Strout thinks that for the peace movement to take off in America, it needs to stop alienating from itself people with political experience and knowledge. [LP’s reply May 31, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: (SANE: Materials regarding Dodd Committee Investigation and Subsequent Controversy Over Membership of Communists in SANE, 1960-1962), Box #4.004, Folder #4.2]

Letter from Ethel Rechtman to LP, RE: Rechtman is sending LP $1.00 to help his work for peace. Rechtman is sorry that she was not able to fill all her petitions with signatures. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Ethel Tobach to LP, RE: Tobach is sending LP her petition and hopes that it is not too late. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from F. Balch to LP, RE: Balch is pleased to have helped LP’s peace efforts by circulating the petition. Balch requests more copies of the appeal to further circulate. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from F.M. Kelly to LP, RE: Kelly is glad to sign the appeal and asks if LP can send 50 to 100 copies so that they may be distributed. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Florence Hemeke to LP, RE: Hemeke is returning LP’s Petition with some signatures and hopes that it is not too late. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.004, Folder #4.4]

Letter from Frances Elliot to LP, RE: Elliot is sending in signatures, most of which are Quakers from Indiana. Elliot thanks LP and AHP for their work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Frances Rotenberg to LP, RE: Rotenberg and the students at Los Angeles High School thank LP for his effort to save lives through the appeal to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Francis Heisler to LP, RE: Heisler is glad to join in signing the appeal. Heisler thanks LP for his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Frederick Myagi to LP, RE: Myagi appreciates the action LP and AHP are taking in the aim to spread peace in the world. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from George M. Hughes to LP RE: Hughes is preparing a term paper on world-wide fallout at the Army Medical Service School and is trying to develop the role of Carbon-14 and genetic hazards. Hughes asks LP if he can send any materials on this topic. [Letter from LP to Hughes September 3, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Strontium-90, 1961-1963: Box #7.014, Folder #14.8]

Letter from Georgia to LP, RE: Georgia thanks LP for creating the petitions and wishes him the best. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.1]

Letter from Georgios N. Tambaklis to LP, RE: Tambaklis is directing a symposium on the "Future of Africa," sponsored by the United African Appeal and scheduled for October 8th. He invites LP to speak at the symposium on a topic of his own choice, perhaps advancing an image of how he would like Africa to face the challenges of the future. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (U: Correspondence, 1936-1970), #421.19]

Letter from Gerie Davis to LP, RE: David thanks the Paulings for their work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Gerie Davis to LP, RE: Davis is sending in four more signatures and hope that they are not too late. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Gordon Judd to AHP, RE: Judd has set up a Committee on Radiation Hazards in Rupert though the committee has not had a great deal of success thus far. Rupert hopes to receive a list of Canadian signers of the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from H. C. Longuet-Higgins, Cambridge University, to LP RE: First two pages of letter not attached. Third page includes only a message of best wishes to LP in London and signature. [Letters from LP to Longuet-Higgins September 3, 1961, October 10, 1961] [Filed under LP Books: Unpb8.1]

Letter from H. Vaccaro to LP, RE: Vaccaro has been collecting signatures for the appeal and will be sending them in soon. Vaccaro hopes that they will reach LP in time. Vaccaro thanks LP for his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Harriet Mattam to LP, RE Mattam is sending in signatures and hopes that they will be of help in LP’s efforts for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Harriet Patterson to LP, RE: Patterson is submitting signatures for the appeal and is also enclosing a check for $10.00 as a contribution to LP’s work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Heloise Brainerd to LP, RE: Brainerd is sending in signatures for the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Herbert Power to LP, RE: Power is sending in several petitions with a total of 932 signatures. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Hermin Kithuls to LP, RE: Kithuls thanks LP for giving him the opportunity to be stand up and be counted in the appeal for peace and disarmament. Kithuls sends LP his best wishes for the New Year. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Howard J. Kleine to LP, RE: Has heard it said both ways that most scientists believe in God and that most do not. He would like the opinions from some major scientists as to whether or not there is an argument in support of or against the existence of God. [Letter from LP to Mr. Kleine, April 1, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Letter from I.R. Maxwell, Executive Director, Pergamon Institute, to Members of Science Writers Association [LP] RE: Announcement on the availability of USSR research and development. Attachment: Aims and Purposes of the Pergamon Institute. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Letter from J. Stuart Innerst to LP, RE: Innersts asks that LP not sue his name in any press releases for the time being as Innerst is involved in a situation in Southern California and thinks if best that his name not be connected with the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from James Alexander to LP, RE: Alexander is not sure if LP is looking for signatures from the general public or just from scientists for the appeal. If the general public is welcome to sign, then Alexander gladly adds his signature to the appeal. Alexander thanks LP for his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Jau Bogustaush to LP, RE: Bogustaush has been away from Warsaw and missed the arrival of LP’s appeal. Bogustaush is returning his signature and hopes that it is not too late. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.2]

Letter from Jeff Roscoe to LP RE: Roscoe is a high school student who has read No More War. Roscoe is interested in Dr. Teller’s statement that the people of Tibet, who have received high amounts of radiation yet do not have any reported instances of cancer. Roscoe asks LP how this is possible. [Letter from LP to Roscoe July 24, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961: Box #7.007, Folder #7.22]

Letter from Jeffrey J. W. Baker to LP, RE: Baker has just heard that LP will be visiting Amherst in November, and hopes that he can find time to speak to the biology club and science department faculty at the Mount Harmon School for Boys and the Northfield School for Girls, which are located about 20 miles from Amherst. While they are not used to such large sums of money, he can offer to pay LP $10 from the biology club treasury, and provide round-trip transportation between Amherst and their school. [Letter from LP To Baker, October 31, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

Letter from Joe Kamiya to LP, RE: Kamiya asks for another copy of the appeal to post for signatures. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from John Lathrop to LP, RE: Lathrop admires the work that LP and AHP are doing for peace. Lathrop has distributed petitions for signatures. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from K. C. Shrivastava, to LP. RE: Would like to work with LP for his graduate studies. Met LP in India. Gives his academic background. Is not in the position to meet his expenses. [Letter from LP March 22, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence (S: Correspondence, 1961): Box #381 Folder #381.2]

Letter from Kathleen Tolman to LP, RE: Tolman thanks LP for his work for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Kenneth Mochel to LP, RE: Mochel is submitting signatures he collected at a public meeting sponsored by the Independent Political Forum. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Kent Richards to LP RE: Thanks LP for sending him the two articles. Encloses several things regarding their Hiroshima Day in Fresno and an editorial of his that appeared in the Fresno Bee on August 6th and the Fresno Guide on August 7th. Asks if the Hiroshima Day that LP participated in was successful. [Letter from LP to Richards October 12, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence (R: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #342.2]

Letter from Krishnashah, to LP. RE: Informs him that he has been offered a job if he graduates from CIT. Asks LP’s help to obtain entrance into the school. Attaches his transcript. [Letter from LP May 31, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence (S: Correspondence, 1961): Box #381 Folder #381.2]

Letter from LP and AHP to unknown recipients, RE: Encourages reader to subscribe to Minority of One newsletter because of its intellectual promotion of peace. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Individual Correspondence) #6.15]

Letter from LP to Bernard J. Bulkin, Feature and Supplements Editor of the Polytechnic Reporter RE: Encloses an article “The Scientist’s Place in Society” for the newspapers series of supplements on the topic. Sent after July, 6 1961. [Typescript 1961] [Letter from Bulkin to LP July 6, 1961] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a3, Folder #1961a3.7]

Letter from LP to Dr. Theo. A. Ashford, University of South Florida. RE: Writes a recommendation for James Short. [Letter from Ashford March 20, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence (S: Correspondence, 1961): Box #381 Folder #381.2]

Letter from LP to Helge Seip, RE: LP and AHP look forward to being able to see Seip again soon in Oslo. LP is enclosing a copy of the Appeal and hopes that Seip will sign. LP notes that he and AHP have been receiving signatures from people in Norway. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.1]

Letter from LP to Klare Neuwelt, RE: LP is pleased that she wrote to him, and happy that she got some of her friends to see him at Temple Israel. He is sure that she will retain an interest in the problems of life, and will work to make her own contribution to the world. Written at the top: “call Temple Israel for address.” Handwritten: “No record; unable to locate.” [Letter from Neuwelt to LP, January 3, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (N: Correspondence, 1957-1964), #288.5]

Letter from LP to Wayne A. Mills, RE: LP was happy to read Mills’s letter, and is grateful for the contribution to costs. They have called a conference in Oslo on the spread of nuclear weapons, and hope that it will do some good. He is glad to be reminded of Dr. Dirk Struik. Some material under separate cover is also being sent. Handwritten at the bottom: “Kalven, NY Times I + II, Bryn Mawr, Aging and Death, Verve Record.” [Letter from Mills to LP, April 8, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

Letter from Lawrence W. Baldwin, C.S.F. Assembly Committee Chairman, to LP, RE: Invites LP to speak at the Santa Monica High School for an assembly. [Letter from LP to Lawrence W. Baldwin, December 22, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Letter from Lee Shippey, to LP. RE: Was happy to hear that Time had chosen LP as a “Man of the Year”. Encloses a clipping from the Sierra Madre News. [Letter from LP January 5, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence (S: Correspondence, 1961): Box #381 Folder #381.2]

Letter from Lenal Pelepchuk to LP, RE: Pelepchuk has signed the petition and is circulating it and trying to obtain as many signatures as possible. Pelepchuk was pleased to see LP when he came to Canada. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Lina Litienskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Asks him to come visit her. Is working in the cafeteria. Discusses her life. Doesn’t understand why she isn’t allowed back in the Soviet Union. [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from Lina Litienskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Expresses her gratitude and love for LP and AHP. Is unable to come to the party. [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from Lina Litinskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Has to stay where she is until Sidney is released because she is unable to earn her livelihood. Wants to leave. Received a press release and a letter. Is unable to return to Soviet Russia. [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from Lina Litinskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Has written to AHP. Discusses an interview with R. J. Oppenheimer that was in the J. F. Chronicle. [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from Lina Litinskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Is working hard on peace and disarmament. Has spoken to Mr. Perry. Could go on self leave at any time. Asks LP to help her. [Letter from LP February 6, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya (Weinbaum)): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from Lina Litinskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Received a letter from Mr. Perry regarding an exchange program between US and USSR. Has been corresponding with the US government as well. Doesn’t understand the procrastination of the Soviet Union Embassy in Washington. [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya (Weinbaum)): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from Lina Litinskaya Weinbaum, to LP. RE: Sends him a copy of a letter she sent to the University of Indiana. Is attempting to get a scholarship to study in USSR. Doesn’t fulfill the qualifications and asks LP to help her. [Filed under LP Correspondence (Weinbaum, Sidney and Lina Litinskaya (Weinbaum)): Box #433 Folder #433.14]

Letter from M.A. Kujoori, American University of Beirut, Lebanon, to LP, RE: Kujoori is a freshman student at the university, and has read the second edition of LP’s book General Chemistry. However, he has two questions to ask: 1.)Why does carbon dioxide have a boiling point less than its melting point? 2.) Why are the oxidation numbers of nitrogen and chlorine +3 and -1, respectively? Hopes that LP will answer soon. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Letter from M.S. Sugarman to LP, RE: Sugarman regrets not being able to collect more signatures for the appeal. Sugarman is mailing to LP a pamphlet titled “Your Best Bet” which Sugarman thinks LP will enjoy. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Marie Lous-Mohr to LP and AHP, RE: Lous-Mohr thanks LP and AHP for the work that they are doing for peace and disarmament. Lous-Mohr is sending in some signatures for the appeal and wishes LP the best of luck with the Oslo Conference. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Marjorie Parris to LP, RE: Parris is sending in signatures for the appeal and wishes LP the best in his efforts for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Marty McMahon to LP, RE: McMahon is a junior at Puyallup High School, and is currently working on his science fair project. He is comparing Bohr’s atom with LP’s, and would appreciate any information and/or diagrams LP has on the subject. [Letter from LP to McMahon, March 6, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

Letter from Mary van Kleeck to LP, RE: Van Kleeck requests two more copies of the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Matie Molinaro to LP, RE: Sir Robert Watson-Watt is now available to fill a limited number of lecturing engagements in the spring and fall terms of 1961. Should LP wish to engage him for an event at LP's Institute, please write back with preferred dates and subjects. Enclosed is a brief biography of Sir Robert Watson-Watt. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1960-1962), #445.2]

Letter from Meyer Korbman, Hawthorne Avenue School, to LP, RE: The students in his 7th grade class are working on a campaign to pass legislation requiring dairy farmers to filter out strontium 90, cesium 137 and iodine 131 from milk. Asks if LP could send a letter supporting their project. [Letter from Kamb to Korbman, November 21, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Letter from Mildred MacLeod to LP, RE: MacLeod thanks LP for the opportunity to collect signatures for the petition. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Milton Bernkrant to LP, RE: Bernkrant asks for ten copies of the appeal so that they may distribute them. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Mrs. Doreen Mackie to LP and AHP, RE: Mackie is sending in several petitions with signatures from a small group of peaceful citizens in Port Alberni, British Columbia. Mackie is enclosing press releases on the meetings for the formation of Vancouver Island Council for Survival. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Mrs. Jack Alloy to LP RE: Alloy asks if LP still recommends taking six tablets of dicalcium phosphate per day or if this amount can be reduced. [Letter from LP to Alloy January 17, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: Material re: Strontium-90, 1961-1963: Box #7.014, Folder #14.8]

Letter from Mrs. Jonathan Winson to LP, RE: Winson is sending her best regards to LP and AHP in their efforts for world peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Mrs. Ralph Russell to LP’s Secretary, RE: Russell is the Secretary of the ad hoc local Committee to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. Russell has about $600.00 in donations for the Conference. Russell would like to know where to deposit this money. [Letter from Harris to Russell May 5, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.001, Folder #1.4]

Letter from Nora Leothe to LP, RE: Leothe sends LP good wishes for success in his efforts for peace. Leothe is grateful for the opportunity to sign LP’s appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Pearl Zipser to LP RE: Zipser is writing on behalf of a group of teachers who work in the field of special education. Zipser and the other teachers are concerned about adverse genetic effects which are related to fallout. Zipser asks what can be done to alleviate these risks and also what can be done to curb and ban the use of nuclear weapons. [Letter from LP to Zipser March 8, 1961] [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961: Box #7.007, Folder #7.22]

Letter from Preston Schiller to LP, RE: Schiller is sending in a petition with signatures collected from the University of Illinois. Schiller notes that the University’s only Nobel Prize winner, Dr. Frederick Sietz would not sign the petition and termed LP and AHP “ a dangerous couple.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Professor Ley, National Radio Committee of the German Democratic Republic, to LP, RE: Congratulates LP on his birthday on behalf of the National Radio Committee of the German Democratic Republic and its listeners and television viewers. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1961-1963), #232.1]

Letter from R. Horn to LP, RE: Horn is sorry that he did not get his petition filled with signatures. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Rabbi Abraham L. Feinberg, to LP. RE: Informs him of the plans made for his appearance in Toronto. Asks if he minds having Canon Collins speak on the same platform. Asks for a wired answer. [Filed under LP Speeches: (Speeches by LP, 1961) Box #1961s, Folder #1961s.10]

Letter from Ray Wynn to LP, RE: Wynn hopes that the appeal will be blessed with success. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Reverend Della Larson to LP, RE: Apologizes for sending two invitations to their convention; she did not find his response until just recently. Sends a many of the details as she can, and hopes that he will be able to come. [Letter from Colton to Larson, June 14, 1961, and Letter from LP to Larson, June 20, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1961-1963), #232.1]

Letter from Robert Douthitt to LP, RE: Douthitt thanks LP for his work for peace and supports LP in his efforts. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Robert Reid to LP, RE: Reid has distributed petitions to members of the sociology department at Wichita University. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Rose Rosenberg to LP, RE: Rosenberg thanks LP and AHP for their contributions to the world peace effort. Rosenberg is enclosing signed petitions and a small contribution to help defray expenses. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Ruth Blumenthal to LP, RE: Blumenthal thanks LP for his important work for world peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from S. Adler to LP, RE: Adler appreciates LP’s heroic efforts for world peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from S. Bromberg to LP, RE: Bromberg has been sick and has been unable to go out and collect signatures for the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Scherwenka to LP, RE: Scherwenka is enclosing signatures for the appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, USA, USSR, Nobel Laureates), Box #5.016, Folder #16.1]

Letter from Sheldon and Mildred Plotkin to LP, RE: Plotkin is sending in a petition and while everyone they asked agreed with the petition, only few would actually sign. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Terrance Shea to AHP, RE: Shea is sending in all the signatures that he was able to receive. Most of the people he asked were hesitant to sign, though they agreed that it was necessary to find a way to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Terry-Lee Ornousky to LP, RE: Ornousky and his partner are preparing a presentation for their high school science fair on the structures of the elements. However, they have received conflicting information from chemical companies such as DuPont, Hooker, Ciba, etc., and wonder if LP could help them out in any way. [Letter from LP to Ornousky, February 11, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (O: Correspondence, 1937-1965), #300.23]

Letter from The Henshaws to LP, RE: The Henshaws have distributed fifty copies of the petition and wish LP the best of luck in his efforts for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Tim Parsons, Chairman, Synthesis Conference, Amherst College, to LP, RE: Parsons previously requested that LP come to the conference on disarmament at the University of Massachusetts, planned for April 15. They need to know if he can make it as soon as possible. [Letter from LP to Parsons, February 23, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Letter from V. Weisl to LP, RE: Weisl thanks LP for the petition and has been circulating it to everyone he knows. Weisl hopes that the petitions and signatures will be put to good use in working for peace. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter from Val Clear, Department of Sociology and Social Work, Anderson College, to LP RE: Compliments LP on his recording “On Fallout and Nuclear War”. Would like to play the recording for his class, but can’t find the source; requests this information. [Letter from LP to Clear April 17, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Letter from Victor E. Hauser to LP, RE: Thanks LP for his note and the material he received today. He sends a clipping from Hearst’s “yellow journalism” paper. It makes him sad that men such as LP should be alluded to in such a nasty manner. Asks if LP has run across the work of Dr. Carlson, who studied the effects of fasting on increased life spans. If he is interested, Mr. Hauser has some of his articles. [Letter from LP to Hauser, April 14, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #168.1]

Letter from Walker Downs, President, The Bonita Boosters Club, to LP, RE: Invites LP to the All Sports Award Banquet sponsored by the Bonita Boosters Club on May 26, 1961. At the end will be “This is Your Life-Ellsworth N. Green”. Mr. Green is retiring after 30 years of teaching, and would appreciate it is LP, his former student, would attend. [Letter from LP to Downs, May 15, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957-1961), #141.5]

Letter from Walter Gottesman to LP, RE: Mr. Gottesman is a student at Culver City High School in Culver City, CA, who is doing a report on the abolition of the House Un-American Activities Committee, and plans to use LP’s trial as the focal point. Any information on the matter that LP can send would be very much appreciated. [Letter from LP to Gottesman, March 10, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957-1961), #141.5]

Letter from Wilhelm Lot to LP, RE: A nuclear reactor is being built in Vienna, and Lot would like LP’s opinion on the dangers of this. He encloses information on the reactor, as well as a picture of its construction. [Letter from LP to LP, undated] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1961-1963), #232.1]

Letter from Wilhelm Lot to LP, RE: Lot asked LP for his opinion on the nuclear reactor being built in Vienna some time ago, and would like a response as soon as possible. [Letter from LP to LP, undated, and Letter from LP to Lot, April 12, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1961-1963), #232.1]

Letter from Yvonne Ford to LP, RE: Ford is sending in three petitions though they are not all full. The WILPF branch in Twin Cities will be showing a tape of LP’s speech from last year’s annual meeting. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Letter to the Members of the American Humanist Association, RE: Call for 1962 Annual Meeting. Tentative Program. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

List of Nobel Laureate Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, USA, USSR, Nobel Laureates), Box #5.016, Folder #16.4]

List of Participant sin the Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.003, Folder #3.1]

List of SANE Chapters Formed and Forming. [Filed under LP Peace: (SANE, 1958-1966, 1982), Box #4.003, Folder #3.4]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Australia, Belgium, Burma, Ceylon, Czechoslovakia and Cyprus. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.1]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Bogotá, Brazil, Bolivia, and Bulgaria. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.2]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Canada. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.3]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from China. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia -Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.4]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Denmark. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.5]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Finland and Ecuador. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.6]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from France, Ghana, Liberia, Libya. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.7]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Germany. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.5]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Great Britain. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.015, Folder #15.1]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Haiti and Hungary. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.5]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Iceland, India, Iran, Israel, and Italy. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.015, Folder #15.2]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Japan, the Netherlands and New Zealand. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.015, Folder #15.3]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Norway, Panama, Peru and Poland. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.015, Folder #15.4]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Union of South Africa, and Yugoslavia. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.015, Folder #15.5]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from the USSR and Mongolian Peoples Republic. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, USA, USSR, Nobel Laureates), Box #5.016, Folder #16.3]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from the United States of America. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, USA, USSR, Nobel Laureates), Box #5.016, Folder #16.1] [Also filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, USA, USSR, Nobel Laureates), Box #5.016, Folder #16.2]

List of Signers for An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons from Denmark. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: petition signers, Australia - Yugoslavia, 1961), Box #5.014, Folder #14.5]

List of jobs and their “good aspects” and bad aspects.” Note on top of page: “Jack Huntley 1961.” LP handwritten notes on back dated 2 August 1961. [Filed under LP Safe: Drawer #2, Folder #2.039]

List of reprints contained in the Carlsberg Laboratorium, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

List of signers for Appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, 1961), Box #5.011, Folder #11.4]

List of sponsor letters [for the appeal] [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.2]

Lists of Sponsors of the Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.001, Folder #1.5]

Magazine Article: “Linus Pauling in Named ‘Humanist of the Year’.” Free Mind: Membership Bulletin of the American Humist Association. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n, Folder #1961n.39]

Manuscript and Typescripts: LP worked on the “Early Work on X-ray Diffraction in the California Institute of Technology” during the middle part of 1961, possibly during June. It was published in Fifty Years of X-ray Diffraction by P.P. Ewald, 1962, 623-628. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a, Folder #1961a.11]

Manuscript and Typescripts: LP worked on “A Report on the Oslo Conference” including the “Oslo Statement” on the last two pages from May to July of 1961. LP tried to get this published in the Saturday Review but they would not accept it for publication because they already had too many articles relating to the Soviet Union. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a, Folder #1961a.12]

Manuscript and Typescripts: “No Dispute Can Justify Nuclear War,” discusses the conference in Oslo about disarmament. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a, Folder 1961a.14]

Manuscript and Typescripts: “The One-electron-bond Theory of Antiferromagnetism and Ferromagnetism,” LP and Peter Pauling. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP), Box #1962a3, Folder #1962a3.9]

Manuscripts and Typescripts: “Problems of Inorganic Structures.” Chapter 8 in The Growing Field a book written by multiple scientists in commemoration of Laue’s work in crystallography. LP was working on this chapter from February until September. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a2, Folder 1961a2.5]

Manuscripts and Typescripts: “The Truth about Fallout Shelters.” Printed in The Minority of One. Discusses the dangers of building fallout shelters. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a2, Folder 1961a2.10]

Manuscripts, Typescripts, and Notes: “A Molecular Theory of General Anesthesia” published in Science, 134 (July 1961): 15-21. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a3, Folder #1961a3.3]

Materials, buttons reading “I Signed the Peace Treaty.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.5]

Materials: Index cards with names and countries of residence for potential petition signers. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, 1961), Box #5.011, Folder #11.12]

Medal: Lomonosov 250th Anniversary Medal, Porcelain tablet. Includes correspondence. [Filed under LP Awards & Honors: 1961h.6]

Medal: Louis Pasteur Medal. [Filed under LP Awards & Honors: 1961h.7]

Memorandum from Emile Zuckerkandl to LP, RE: Dr. Motulsky says he doesn't remember saying anything about a two step mechanism in the replacement of a gene by a mutant. He believes one step is sufficient. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Z: Individual Correspondence. (Zachariasen-Ziferstein)), #464.8]

Memorandum from Mrs. Harris to LP, RE: Received a phone call from the County of Calaveras; said that LP wouldn't be able to do it. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Names, Identification, and Home Addresses of Participants and Observers in the Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, Oslo 2 to 7 May 1961. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.003, Folder #3.1]

Newsletter, “CNI in 1960: Report on a Year of Growth,” Greater St. Louis Citizens’ Committee for Nuclear Information. [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, Fe-Me), Box #4.012, Folder #12.6]

Newsletter, “World Cultural Council,” World Parliament for World Culture. [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, Wo-Yo), Box #4.017, Folder #17.2]

Newsletter: No title, Peace Garden Progress Report, 1961, RE: Mentions AHP’s visit to Chicago. [Filed under AHP Biographical: (Articles about Ava Helen Pauling), Box#3.003, Folder#3.5]

Newspaper Advertisement: “If H Bombs Were Dropped...” LP is quoted. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n2, Folder #1961n2.59]

Newspaper Clipping: By Victor Gollancz. New Statesman 22st. [Newspaper Clipping: “To Take the Initiative” August 28, 1958, Newspaper Clipping: “Report From Oslo” June 14, 1961, Newspaper Clipping: “”Eichmann and Bomb Linked” June 16, 1961, Newspaper Clipping: “The Pacifist’s Role” June 20, 1961, Newspaper Clipping: “An Appeal for Peace” October 7, 1961, Newspaper Clipping: “The Ultimate” November 1, 1961, Newspaper Clipping: “To End Berlin Crisis” November 9, 1961] [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n, Folder #1961n.44]

Newspaper Clipping: “Bulletins: Peril in Fallout.” [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n2, Folder #1961n2.60]

Newspaper Clipping: “Pauling Asks Nikita To Cancel Big Test.” [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n2, Folder #1961n2.48]

Newspaper Clipping: “Sverige bör säga nej till atombomber NU.” Freden. May-June. Written in Norwegian. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n, Folder #1961n.41]

Newspaper Clipping: “Two Johnny Come-Latelies.” New York Daily. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n2, Folder #1961n2.24]

Newspaper Clipping: “U.S. Scientist Asks Khrushchev Half Bomb Tests.” Washington Press. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: Newspaper Clippings, Magazine and Journal Articles related to LP, 1961: Box #1961n2, Folder #1961n2.49]

No More War! New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1958, 254 pp. [Linus Pauling, illustrated with drawings by Roger Hayward]

Note RE: “Should we keep these until you are ready for them?” [Envelope 1961] [Filed under LP Biographical: Business and Financial: Box #4.030, Folder #30.1]

Note cards from the Chemical Department of the Carlsberg Laboratory: Information about papers held there. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Note from A.F. Forance, Ohio Science Education Association, to LP, RE: Sends a “letter to the editor” that LP might be interested in. [Letter from Gephardt to LP, January 31, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957-1961), #141.5]

Note from Adam F. Kudlacik, W. H. Freeman & Co., to LP RE: Royalty Advance of $101,000.00 for LP. Says Stanley Schaefer asked that the advance be sent to LP. Provides details of College Chemistry and General Chemistry sales from the past year. [Filed under LP Books 1955b.5]

Note from Arnold Oppenheim to LP, RE: Even though Oppenheim is only a freshman in high school he is deeply concerned about the effects of atomic radiation, and gives LP the greatest encouragement in his efforts to convince the world leaders to stop testing. [Letter from Perry to Oppenheim, December 11, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (O: Correspondence, 1937-1965), #300.23]

Note from B. Osbourne, Wharton Jr. College RE: Provides comments on LP’s College Chemistry and another text entitled, Structure and Change. Says they are both fine books but that they are somehow “old fashioned.” [Filed under LP Books: 1955b.4]

Note from Blanche Redfield Callander (Mrs. D.N.C.) to LP RE: Requests a quote to be included in her book of thoughts and poems from prominent people. Lists others who have already contributed. [Letter Joan R. Harris to Mrs. Callander, September 6, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Note from Chauncey Leake to LP, RE: Congratulates him on the article “A Molecular Theory of General Anesthesia”. [Letter from LP to Leake, August 21, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Individual Correspondence. (Lauritson-LeCompte)), #214.4]

Note from Durham Monsma to LP, RE: Monsma, a 13-year-old attending Thornbridge High School, is doing a science fair project on the effects of radiation on the human body, and would appreciate any information LP can send him on the subject. [Letter from LP to Monsma, March 22, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

Note from Frances, Dan and Maggi Donovan to LP and AHP, RE: Recounts how Maggi used a wishbone to “scientifically” make a decision. Mrs. Donovan would like to know if it was actually science. [Letter from LP to Donovan and Family December 28, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1960-1961), #99.2]

Note from Freda L. Malherbe to LP and AHP, RE: Sends holiday greetings and best wishes for the coming year. She has been thinking of many things, and has become aware that LP’s scientific discoveries have given great value to his work for peace. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1963), #258.3]

Note from Gail Draper, James Kew School, to LP, RE: Asks LP why birds lose their sense of direction when they enter a radar field. [Note from Irene Dozar to LP, undated] [Letter from LP to Draper March 29, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1960-1966), #99.2]

Note from Irene R. Dozar, teacher, James Kew School, to LP, RE: Encloses a letter from a scientifically-minded little girl; hopes that LP can find the time to answer her question. [Note from Gail Draper to LP No Date] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1960-1966), #99.2]

Note from Jim and Sue McCafferty, Lake of the Sky Motor Inn, to LP, RE: Thanks LP for all of the hard work he does for world peace, and updates him on their new address; they would like to be kept on his mailing list. Also sends a $25 check to help with expenses. [Letter from LP to Mr. and Mrs. McCafferty, January 31, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

Note from John Francis Catchpool, Department of Chemistry, Caltech, to LP, RE: Asks that LP provide his father, E. St. John Catchpool, with letters of introduction to important Soviet officials, particularly Nikita Khrushchev. He is planning to visit the Soviet Union in May, and as hotel accommodations in Moscow are scarce and expensive, he plans to bring a trailer with him from England. He hopes to set up a temporary “Quaker Embassy,” which would promote peace and encourage student exchanges. As an active member of the Society of Friends he has been a lifelong pacifist. Describes his father’s other dealings with the Soviet Union. [Letter from LP to Premier Khrushchev, January 18, 1961] [Letter from LP to Dr. Topchiev, January 18, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Individual Correspondence. (Kennedy-Klein, Morton)), #198.8]

Note from Karl Gregorius, Senator from the Student Body, La Sierra College, to LP, RE: Gregorius writes on behalf of the Associated Students of La Sierra College to invite LP to speak before them. They will pay his expenses and his usual fee, so far as their budget allows. [Letter from LP to Gregorius, February 6, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1961-1963), #232.1]

Note from Karl Kand to LP, RE: Happy Birthday. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1961), #201.5]

Note from Keits Addes to LP, RE: Mr. Addes expresses his thanks for what LP has accomplished. Handwritten note in the corner says that it was “given to LP by a boy, about 13, on a plane.” [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Correspondence, 1958-1961), #13.4]

Note from LP, written above unknown belt: “Don’t mail proofs, despite this belt”. The belt asks is German proofs of a book should be sent to Foerst. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #168.1]

Note from Margaret Pickett to LP RE: Gives information on sickle cell in her family, and asks if there is any hope for someone diagnosed with it. [Letter from Perry to Pickett November 30, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Note from Niram A. Cromwell to LP RE: Writes regarding a dissertation written by Pauling. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Note to self RE: Norman Davidson. LP writes that Dr. Charles Huggins telephoned him on October 20th. Huggins said that he had examined the slides and had determined the tumor to be a seminoma. Huggins said it would be necessary for him to see Davidson and that he would reserve a room for him in the hospital. [Filed under LP Safe: Drawer #2, Folder #2.039]

Notes and Background Material RE: References and undated notes for LP’s and Peter Pauling’s paper, “The One-electron-bond Theory of Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism.” [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP), Box #1962a3, Folder #1962a3.9]

Notes handwritten by LP RE: Fig. 9-3 to 9-9 and fig. 9-19 and 9-20 from the new edition of College Chemistry. [Filed under LP Books: 1964b.10]

Notes on plans for the Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.003, Folder #3.2]

Notes, German translation of Appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, 1961), Box #5.011, Folder #11.7]

Notes: LP’s handwritten notes re: “On Thermonuclear War,” by Herman Kahn. [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Herman Kahn, 1960-1961: Box #6.011, Folder #11.4]

Notice RE: Lists names of those people to whom copies of The Nature of the Chemical Bond have been sent. [Filed under LP Books: 1960b5.5]

Pamphlet from the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, titled “Highlights of Research Progress in General Medical Sciences 1961". Prepared by the Division of General Medical Sciences as background material for Congressional hearings on appropriations for fiscal year 1963. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #168.1]

Pamphlet, “Action for Peace.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, April-December, 1961), Box #5.013, Folder #13.3]

Pamphlet, “Colossal Deception: Analysis of the Shelter Program.” [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961: Box #7.007, Folder #7.21]

Pamphlet: Mahn-Uhn Gedenksatte: Sachsenhausen. [Filed under LP Travel, Box #1.009, Folder #9.3]

Pamphlet: Report of The Cancer Institute, 1955-1965. [Filed under AHP Biographical: (Publications and Newspaper Clippings Collected by AHP, 1933-1981, No Date.), Box#3.022, Folder#22.7]

Pamphlet: “Ce qeu nous apprend un Cristal de sel Marin”. Filed under LP Correspondence: (I: Correspondence, 1936-1973), #185.22]

Photographs: “Production and decay of neutral lambda and anti-lambda hyperons.” [Filed under LP Books: 1964b.10]

Pocket Roll Book labeled at top: “Nature of Chemical Bond.” [Handwritten notes on front cover: “Ch. 155: 1938-9,” “Ch. 221: 1952-3,” “1956-7,” “1960,” “Ch. 120: 1961.”] [Filed under LP Safe: Drawer #4, Folder # 4.081]

Postcard from Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to LP RE: Acknowledges receipt of application for a research grant entitled “Molecular Chemistry Applied to Biology and Medicine.” [Letter from Betts to Division of Research Grants January 18, 1961] [Filed under LP Science: (United States Public Health Service: (Assorted Grants, 1954-1964), Box #14.042, Folder #42.2]

Postcard from Laut Schreiben to LP, RE: Written in German. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Preliminary Draft: A Basis for Values, by Walter W. Lee, Jr. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1961-1963), #232.1]

Presidential address by Professor N.R. Dhar, for the 48th Indian Science Congress, titled “Nitrogen Problem”. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1960-1966), #99.2]

Press Release: “Molecular Specificity and Biological Memory.” [Filed under LP Correspondence (S: Individual Correspondence (Schmitt, Francis O.) 1961) #357.9]

Program for “Undergraduate Seminar: Structural Inorganic Chemistry” by C.D. Coryell. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Individual Correspondence. (Corns-Cushing)), #68.2]

Publication, “Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons,” Meanjin Quarterly. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.004, Folder #4.9]

Publication, “Scientific World” [Filed under LP Peace: (Oxford Conference, January 4-7, 1963), Box #2.006, Folder #6.4]

Publication, “The Oslo Conference,” The Scientific World. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.004, Folder #4.10]

Publication: Northwest Challenge, Vol. IV, No.2, Spring 1961, published by Thomas A. Wilson. [Filed under AHP Biographical: (Publications and Newspaper Clippings Collected by AHP, 1933-1981, No Date.), Box#3.022, Folder#22.16]

Publication: “Prevent World War III.” [Filed under LP Peace: Assorted Non-Pauling Peace Materials: Publications and Newsletters, Ne-Us: Box #8.008, Folder #8.6]

Purchase Order for LP for 325 copies of the petition against the spread of nuclear weapons. [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.4]

Reprint, “Comment from Dr. Kaplan on J.E. Keyston’s Address Entitled ‘Nuclear Weapons, Public Opinion and the Scientist’,” Science and Society. [Filed under LP Peace; (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.2]

Reprint, “One Thousand Fearful Words for Fidel Castro,” City Lights Publications. [Filed under LP Peace: (Issues of International Diplomacy and Human Rights, Cu-Ir), Box #6.014, Folder #14.1]

Reprint, “Pauling-motlet I Oslo,” Saertrykk av Naturen. [Filed under LP Peace: (Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, May 2-7, 1961), Box #2.004, Folder #4.8]

Reprint, “Sane Comment: NATO as a Fourth Nuclear Power” [Filed under LP Peace: (Publications by and about SANE, 1960-1964), Box #4.005, Folder #5.7]

Reprint: Introduction by LP, from Molecular Genetics and Human Disease, Dr. Gardner, Lytt I. [Filed under LP Publications: (Publications of LP, 1961), Box #1961p, Folder #1961p.1)]

Reprint: ‘The Evolution of Humankind’, The Humanist. [Filed under LP Speeches: (Speeches by LP, 1962) Box #1962s Folder #1962s.13]

Reprint: “Chemical Effects Produced by the Neutron-Irradiation of Phosphorus Compounds,” International Atomic Energy Agency. [Filed under LP Correspondence (S. Individual Correspondence (Sato, Takyua R.), 1952-1964) #357.5]

Reprint: “Heat Produced Upon Neutron Irradiation of Containers of Various Materials and Its Effect Upon the Neutron Activation Products of Disodium Phosphate,” Pergamon Press. [Filed under LP Correspondence (S. Individual Correspondence (Sato, Takyua R.), 1952-1964) #357.5]

Reprint: “Isolation of Peptides from an Antibody Site,” by David Pressman and Oliver Roholt, Department of Biochemistry Research, Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Communicated by LP. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Individual Correspondence. (Polunin - Pritikin)), #309.8]

Reprint: “Molecular Electronic Spectroscopy” D. A. Ramsay. From Annual Review of Physical Chemistry Vol. 12. [Filed under LP Books: Unpb7.1]

Reprint: “The Abnormal Polypeptide Chains in a Number of Haemoglobin Variants,” Dept. of Biochemistry, University College, London and Dept. of Pathology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, 1961. RE: Article about hemoglobin, sent to LP “with compliments” by one of the authors, H. Lehmann. [Filed under LP Science: (Non-Pauling Reprints re: Hemoglobin research, 1960s), Box #6.010, Folder #10.1]

Reprint: “The Fallout Hazard: an Essay in Political Biology,” Canadian Federation News. [Filed under LP Peace: Materials re: Nuclear Fallout; Radiation Hazards, 1960-1961: Box #7.004, Folder #4.23]

Reprint: “The Nature of the Metallic Orbital and the Structure of Metals,” Jour. Indian Chem. Soc. p 435-437. [Filed under LP Publications: (Publications of LP, 1961), Box #1961p, Folder # 1961p.3]

Research Abstract: “The Carbon-Carbon Triple Bond and the Nitrogen-Nitrogen Triple Bond,” 1960-1961. [Filed under LP Science: (Notes and Data by LP re: Chemical Bonds, 1956-1980), Box #3.006, Folder #6.5]

Roster: Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, 1961-1962. [Filed under AHP materials re: Peace and Women: (Correspondence, Assorted Materials re: Agendas, Assorted Reports re: International Executive Committee, Women’s International League fro Peace and Freedom, 1961-1964), Box#4.002, Folder#2.3]

Slovakian translation: Už nikdy vonjnu! Bratislava: Slovenské vydavatel’stvo politickej literatüry, 1961, 193 pp. [Filed under LP Publications: 1958p2.7]

Statement from The American Physical Society RE: Total of $58.00 for fellow, physical review, phys rev letter, and JNL chem physic. [Filed under LP Biographical: Business and Financial: Box #4.062, Folder #62.1]

Telegram from Earl Price to LP, RE: “Friend seeking scientific on nuclear testing for 100 delegates Essex Hudson Cio Council February 13 in Newark can you.” [Telegram from LP to Price, January 11, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1960-1963), #314.2]

Telegram from Joseph Swanson to LP, RE: Swanson received LP's letter today saying that he would not be able to speak at the Wisconsin campus. Swanson recently talked with Mrs. Karl Paul Link, who stated that LP would be able to speak on campus on March 8th. Could LP please write back to clarify his position? [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1960, 1962), #445.2]

Telegram from Lorenz Knorr, Deutsche Friedensunion, to LP, RE: Written in German. On behalf of the 6000 participants in the Congress for Peace, Mr. Knorr would like to thank LP. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957-1962), #201.5]

Telegram from Morley Coodin, Secretary-Treasurer, CUCND, to LP RE: Would like to sponsor LP in large peace rally in Winnipeg, while he is in Toronto. [Letter from LP to Coodin February 16, 1961] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1961-1962), #76.1]

Telegram from Perello, to LP. RE: Invites him to address the Chilean Chemistry Society. [Filed under LP Speeches: (Speeches by LP, 1962) Box #1962s Folder #1962s.1]

Telegram from Ricardo Tetsuo to LP, RE: Sends his birthday greetings. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (T: Correspondence, 1956-1963), #411.6]

Telegram from Secretariat, Third World Youth Forum, to LP, RE: Invites LP to deliver a lecture at the Third World Youth Forum taking place from July 25th through August 3rd. All of LP's expenses would be paid for. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1960, 1962), #445.2]

Telegram from Sergio Galaz, to LP. RE: Informs him that the airline tickets were sent today. [Filed under LP Speeches: (Speeches by LP, 1962) Box # 1962s Folder #1962s.1]

Telegram from the Telluride family to LP, RE: The human bond has great strength. Happy Birthday. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (T: Correspondence, 1956-1963), #411.6]

Typescript, “Wernher Von Braun Who’s Who in American, 1960-61.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Correspondence re: circulation and signing of An Appeal to Stop the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, January-March, 1961), Box #5.012, Folder #12.2]

Typescript: "Women and Progress Towards Peace." [Filed under AHP Box 2.001, Folder 1.11]

Women and Progress Towards Peace

by Ava Helen Pauling

"The world in which I live fills me with aversion, but I find myself bound on all sides by men who suffer there," a quotation by Albert Camus, Nobel Prize in Literature. A very wise man and the greatest living philosopher, Bertrand Russell, has said that the good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. Neither love without knowledge, nor knowledge without love, can produce a good life.

During the Middle Ages when cities were ravaged by pestilence holy men advised the people to go to the churches and pray for deliverance, and the infection spread more rapidly than ever. That is an example of love without knowledge. Nuclear arms and the nuclear arms race are examples of knowledge without love, a horrible example, too, for the knowledge so perverted could be used to further the welfare of man. Both these things have the end result - death of large numbers of people.

Love and knowledge are both necessary, but love is the more fundamental because it will lead people of intelligence to acquire the knowledge in order to protect those they love.

We women are intelligent beings and surely we love our families, our children, our fellow man, and now we must find some way to stop this madness of war and preparation for war. This concept of massive retaliation. This stupid idea of preventive or pre-emptive war. The institution of war must go, for now that man's technical and scientific knowledge has given him the means with which he can destroy himself and all the institutions that he has labored centuries to develop. Now the valuable institutions must be saved and war, the scourge, the waster, the spoiler, must be cast out - and women must do it. Let me repeat again the story of Hiroshima, that beautiful city of 350,000 on the river Ota with its seven branches.

You must remember, too, that the bomb which destroyed Hiroshima was a small puny bomb, only one-thousandth the size of the huge 20-megaton bombs now stockpiled by the Soviet Union and the United States and Great Britain.

Of the 33 fire stations in Hiroshima, 27 were destroyed and useless, while the fire raged. Of the 296 doctors in the city, all but 30 were killed or gravely wounded. There were 2400 nurses and orderlies, but only 600 left after this dreadful explosion - and the people, many, many thousands were dead or so gravely wounded they soon died. One hundred fifty thousand human beings. There were no medical supplies, no water, no food, no electricity, no telephone, and no Conelrad. Today with our 20-megaton bombs we can do a much better job in destroying the human race. In the 1959 Congressional hearings testimony was given that in a 10,000-megaton attack on the United States designed to kill the maximum number of people, 170 million would be dead within 60 days and eight million survivors so badly injured they could not survive, leaving two million to cope with the radioactive contamination of their environment. This attack, of course, would be such that the great centers of population would be the focus of the attack along with the military installations. What is a 20-megaton bomb? It is 40 billion pounds of TNT equivalent. What is a 10,000-megaton attack? It is 20 million million (20,000,000,000,000) or 100,000 pounds of TNT equivalent for every person in the United States.

What must we do? Many wise people have made suggestions and we would do well to heed them. Edouard Le Ghait, former Chief of the Belgian Foreign Ministry and formerly an ambassador, has written a book No Carte Blanche to Capricorn, The Folly of Nuclear Strategy, in which he says that the Rapacki Plan was one that should have been given greater consideration. He says almost three years have passed since the formulation of the Rapacki Plan and we must admit that the hope of seeing it put into action is not greater than it was. This plan, which was designated by Dr. Schweitzer as being "so reasonable" and which the Polish initiative described, as a valuable contribution to the cause of peace. Now I quote from le Ghait again, "But this 'valuable' contribution was never followed up. All the powers of Hell were set in motion to reject a proposal that could have saved Europe but that upset the plans of general staffs and loomed as a serious threat to the interests of the host of profiteers of the cold war. Up to a few years ago the intellectuals in western countries very sincerely felt that it was the USSR which must bear the major responsibility for the armaments race and the state of tension throughout the world. The harsh rejection of the Rapacki Plan, the frightening paucity of the arguments used in this connection, dealt a terrible blow to the faith the intellectuals still had in the 'Free World' and its struggle for peace, democracy and a better future. Up to that time everything had been simple. Everything could be blamed on the Russians. And then the name of Rapacki was heard, and it echoed like a reproach to which there can be no answer." Because of this name there is an ever growing number of men and women whose minds are grappling with the dreadful realization that in the final analysis it will be our democratic society, our society of parliamentarianism and free enterprise which will have to bear responsibility for unleashing a cataclysm a thousand times more appalling than any that has yet threatened mankind. Let us remember that the Rapacki Plan was a plan which made a denuclearized free zone in the Central part of Europe. It comprised 90,000 square miles in West Germany and 212,000 miles in East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. The rocket bases would have been pushed back from 600 to 900 miles from France, but France wanted to arm West Germany. We must remember too that at the same time the countries of the East were ready to discuss with the West the reduction of conventional weapons. Let us remember, too, that the territory in the East which would have been made a free zone under the Rapacki Plan would have been twice the area that of the West, namely, 212,000 square miles as opposed to the 90,000 square miles made a free zone in West Germany. We should look carefully at this suggestion again as well as the proposal which the Soviet Union made in May 1959 to Japan that it be a denuclearized zone. Also, Roumania in June 1959 proposed a military-free zone of the Balkans, and even though Tito favored it, nothing was done by the West to explore this excellent idea which would have done a great deal to relieve the tensions and to have secured the peace of the world.

We went to Germany in September to give some lectures for disarmament and a non-nuclear weapons for Germany in four different cities. These lectures were given under the auspices of the War Resistors' League which is an international organization and has a good body of people in Germany.

It is madness to allow Germany to be armed. Berlin must be made an open city under the United Nations. How can we expect the Soviet Union to accept a reunified Germany and leave her a member of NATO, indeed, the strongest member after the United States? This is unrealistic. All Europe fears a rearmed united Germany and with good reason. The two questions involved in Berlin are access to West Berlin and the future of Germany.

A sensible solution would be the creation of a neutral nuclear free zone in Central Europe, including both East and West Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary as well. We could then consider the reunification of Germany.

It is high time that a peace treaty were negotiated with Germany sixteen years after the end of the war and this means that East Germany must be a party in the negotiated settlement. Mr. Khrushchev has admitted the rights of Western powers to remain in Berlin and that they should have access to Berlin, and he threatens war only if the West refuses to seek a settlement and starts a war against East Germany. We should begin to negotiate the peace treaty before the Soviet Union signs a separate peace treaty with East Germany. It would be much easier to negotiate before this is done, rather than afterwards. Yet we can understand, if we think about it, why the Soviet Union should feel obligated to get on with the making of a peace treaty with Germany.

Perhaps Berlin could be made the center of the United Nations, or it could become an international city, where the institutes of international learning and science could be placed. This would bring it too under the control of the United Nations. One thing is certain, the world must not be destroyed because of the unhappy mistake made in Berlin.

We visited Pastor Martin Niemöller in the hospital in Frankfurt when we were in Germany in September. You know that he is the Chairman of the Committee Against the Rearmament of Germany and has done a good work. He has recovered from his serious automobile accident in Denmark in August, in which his wife was killed, but he finds it difficult to resume this thankless task of trying to save the world from destruction. We, too, were interested to see the situation in Germany and to observe the campaign for the elections which took place on the 17th of September. The Christian Democrats headed by Adenauer have always been in favor of the rearming of Germany. Of course, just after the war, no one was in favor of the rearming of Germany, and the Social Democrats were opposed under Ollenauer. Eight years ago we were in Germany, too, just before the election and were interested to see that the Social Democrats were opposed to the rearming of Germany. In this election there was no difference between what Adenauer said and what Willy Brandt, the Mayor of Berlin and the leader of the Social Democrats, said. Everyone now is apparently working for the rearming of Germany. The German Peace Party did not receive enough votes to be represented in the Bundestag. This is a great calamity for the world.

After we left Germany, we went to London to take part in the final sessions of the international meeting on disarmament and the reduction of world tensions from the 14th of September to the 16th. This meeting was convened by Canon Collins, the Canon of St. Paul's Cathedral and the Chairman of the committee against nuclear armaments in Great Britain. This congress was international and had delegations from the Soviet Union, India, and other countries of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The statement adopted by the congress was an excellent one and was unanimously agreed upon. It maintained that the Berlin crisis nor indeed any other crisis can be resolved by military means, that any small war is apt to become a general war - a general atomic war - yet, war must be avoided everywhere. They made some good suggestions which included one recognizing the independence of West Berlin and free access to the city, which must be defined clearly by the four states with a United Nations guarantee and a United Nations presence. They reaffirmed the need for a peace treaty, after sixteen years, and the fact of the existence of the German Federal Republic as well as of the German Democratic Republic. The frontiers of Germany must be recognized as final, both by the four states and by the two German states and their inviolability must be guaranteed. The reunification of the German Federal Republic and the German Democratic Republic is a matter which should be left to the German states themselves, but should not constitute a danger to the European security. Everyone agreed that there should be no nuclear weapons on these two German states. In this conference, too, the creation of a nuclear free zone was discussed and was looked upon as being absolutely essential to the peace of the world. It was also agreed the goal should be general and complete disarmament, that all peoples in the world should urge their governments to take immediate steps towards this goal.

The question of the resumption of nuclear testing was, of course, discussed in great length. The decision of the Soviet Union to resume atmospheric tests of atomic weapons was a grave blow to the world from every standpoint. This is hard to understand, it is hard to understand why the Soviet Union would risk the censure which was surely given to her and which she deserves from all the rest of the world. People will die and malformed children will be born, who would not have died and who would not be malformed if these tests had not been resumed. This is a great disappointment to all of the peace forces in the world.

It must be remembered that the Soviet Union, before the resumption of the present series of tests, had made only 55 tests, as against the 169, which had been exploded by the United States. Perhaps there is some justification in thinking that the Soviet Union could explode an equal number with the United States. The problem is, of course, to get the tests stopped again. It was dreadful that the United States should have followed suit and had resumed underground testing. We must now discuss not who is wrong, but what is wrong, and not who is right, but what is right. We know that it is wrong and evil to test these weapons. Accordingly we must do everything that we can in order to get the tests stopped.

Another grave problem in the world is the exclusion of the People's Republic of China from the world's assembly of nations. Of what value will a disarmament agreement be if that country does not sign the agreement? We should all work in a realistic way to have the People's Republic of China be made a member of the United Nations on realistic grounds, namely, for our own protection and to safeguard the world. There is no doubt that China will have atomic weapons of her own before long and she must be brought within the society of nations and made to adhere to the agreements which are reached by the other powers.

It is unrealistic and much too dangerous for the world to try and believe that just because we don't recognize the People's Republic of China it does not exist. There it is and sooner or later we are going to have to deal with the fact of its existence. We must do all we can to change the present attitude towards the admission of China to the United Nations.

Last May my husband and I convened a Conference in Oslo Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. This Conference was attended by 60 men and women from 15 countries, men and women chiefly in the physical and biological sciences, but other scholars and people interested and familiar with the problems of peace. We met for five days and adopted a statement which has some significance. Particularly noteworthy in the discussions was the discussion of the moral responsibility of the people in the world to work against war and for peace. This is the first time, indeed the only time as far as I know, when the moral responsibility of people has been discussed. This statement says that "Restriction of loyalty to within national boundaries is obsolete and loyalty to the whole of mankind is now a necessity. Individuals must bear personal responsibility or acts contrary to the interests of mankind." This statement goes on, "Scientists and scholars have a unique responsibility to make plain the full significance of the revolutionary weapons development of the past decade. This requires presentation of factual information about the effects of atomic and hydrogen bombs, the overall consequences of nuclear war, and the brutalizing effects of preparation for nuclear war upon the values of our society."

It was pointed out that it is not only ourselves but future generations that we must work for, because even the preparation for war now inflicts damage not only on us, but on our descendants. This Conference closes with the statement that "Modern weapons transform man’s dream of a world without war into a practical necessity. It is possible to organize the world community on principles of freedom and justice under law and mutual trust. We must act on this conviction, with words and deed aimed against the spread of nuclear weapons and toward disarmament." Women, of course, have always played a major role in this struggle for peace. Perhaps I do not need to mention here the great role of Jane Addams and Emily Greene Balch, the two American women who have won the Nobel Prize for Peace. These two intrepid women played a great role in their country working for social reform and for the abolition of war. They were both women of religious upbringing and with a firm attitude towards oppression and violence and a keen desire to improve social conditions. Emily Greene Balch in particular, who just died last January, was active in social reform, although perhaps no more so than her contemporary, Jane Addams. These two women should be studied more by women today and their attitudes and their example should be emulated. Emily Balch’s was more political in her attitudes and in her work than Jane Addams, and she worked in direct contact with the American labor movement. Indeed, she was one of the founders of the Women's Trade League of America.

The first woman to have won the Nobel Peace Prize was Baroness von [Suttner], the daughter of a count and Austrian field marshal. Berta von Seutner was born in 1843, died in 1914. She was given the Nobel Prize in 1905 for her work in peace. She was a great writer and wrote many stories and tracts denouncing war. Perhaps her best known is the...of The Doing Away with Weapons. She knew Alfred Nobel and was influential in persuading him to set up his prizes, particularly the Prize for Peace. Berta von Seutner was more realistic person in her outlook than perhaps the two American women who won the Prize. She believed in the progress of the world based on science and had not much optimism about the world being changed into a religious minded philanthropy. She analyzed the social world and decided that there needed to be social progress and change in order to do away with the reasons for war. Then, she decided, as indeed did Emily Balch and Jane Addams also, that it was the development of social responsibility which made it necessary for them to work for the betterment of mankind and indeed for the abolition of war.

Where is the social responsibility of women today? We now have legal status, we have the vote, we take a much more active part in the business affairs of the world, indeed, in the governmental affairs, in the positions which we hold everywhere, but where are the great women leaders who were so numerous at the end of the last century and the first part of this century. It is going to be necessary for women to take a leading role in this struggle for the abolition of war if we are to succeed in preserving the world. We have women participants and active workers in many peace groups, indeed, in all of them women play a part, but they are only a small group of women have realized what the significance of this great change in the means of waging war means. Even many of those who do realize it have found it so horrible that they prefer to shut this matter from their minds. Now the battle can be won if we will give our attention to it. There are many hopeful signs that women are beginning to take more part. We, of course, have the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, founded by Jane Addams and Emily Greene Balch 45 years ago; we have, too, a new organization which was founded in Canada a little over a year ago, namely, the Voice of Women. This organization has had great success in Canada and has attracted more than 4000 members in just this one year. I am sorry to say that that is only a little less than the number of members in the WIL, although it is 45 years old.

The Voice of Women has begun to expand and is now becoming international in character and has established a chapter here in the United States. I think their idea to have the United Nations proclaim the year of 1962 a year of peace is a good one. They mean, too, to organize an international meeting to which women from all over the world will be invited. I believe that we should all look into the possibilities of this organization. We have now many projects which have been started by women of a more transient nature. You no doubt have all received the little flier about Strike for Peace which some women in Washington, D.C., started. This is to ask all women to demonstrate on the 1st of November with women to march, to visit their governmental people, to protest this drift towards war and to demand that the people in the government work genuinely and consistently to resolve the problems which divide the countries of the world and to do everything possible to relieve the terrible tensions which now are so dangerous for us all. In a recent talk I quoted from Rajah B. Manikan, Bishop of Lutheran Church of India, and he said "Man's moral development has not kept pace with his scientific and technical progress," we are taught that the universe is made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons, which as you all know are parts of the nucleus of the atom, but one wonders if it is not also largely made up of morons. We must not let women be a part of this segment of humanity labeled with this word, moron.

It is our duty now to inform ourselves about the real nature of war, the real nature of radioactivity, the reasons why bomb shelters are of no significance. They are, as Governor Meyner of New Jersey so well stated, the a cruel deception of the American people. If there were to be shelters built everywhere it would only mean that larger bombs would be made and dropped. Any protection afforded by shelters would then be lost. Dr. George Moore and Dr. Paul Linquist have stated in July 1960 issue of Military Medicine that "within a ten mile radius of a 20 megaton bomb burst, the dead will be vaporized or incinerated." Any dead, theoretically salvagable will most likely be found between ten and twenty mile radii. For several weeks these dead will not be salvageable either, because of intense radioactivity. It will be simpler to build new cities elsewhere and allow the dead to sleep in this memorial. It is completely unrealistic to talk of the salvageable dead. If one reads Children of the A Bomb or indeed any account of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, you know that it was impossible to bury even the comparatively small number of people and they were simply raked together and burned, indeed, many not even that - had that amount of decency accorded to them. People who spend their time plotting out what a nuclear war would mean to the United States have been quite clear that in their statements that a population in the metropolitan areas of the United States would be lost, that there is no way to save them. At the fringes of the areas, such as out in the middle of the country, there might be some chance of saving a few of the people if they had a bomb shelter. Any large metropolitan areas would be have perhaps an advantage if it had any shelters because these shelters would serve as mausoleums and accordingly the victims would not have to be buried. The only way to protect the people of the United States and the people of the world is to not have a war.

Many people have talked about the heroism of war, including the President of the United States when he made his remark in August that someone had said that Berlin was not tenable, indeed, anyplace is tenable if there are heroic men there to defend it, and he pointed out the examples of Bastognne and Stalingrad. The very nature of weapons now has made the concept of heroism in a war obsolete. There is not heroism in pressing a button which will murder millions and millions of people. The only real heroism today is the heroism shown by those intrepid people who walk on marches, who raise their voices against the insanity and futility of war, who withstand the pressures toward conformity, who have such a love for their fellow man that they are willing to put up with the disagreeable part of working for peace and persist in their efforts to brining a rational action in the world.

I think that all newspapers should print everyday something that some general or other has said about war. Actually these people know war quite well - it is true usually, from a rather safe place, do they carry on their plans and their battles. This now, of course, will be much more difficult to do. It will be hard to find a safe place from which to carry on a battle, but then battles themselves will not follow the usual and expected routine, because a few big bursts and the battle, so-called, will be over.

The general, Omar Bradley, is a man who has said many good things about the disaster and futility of war. One of these I should like to quote: "We have defiled out intellect by the creation of such scientific instruments of destruction that we are now in desperate danger of destroying ourselves...inevitably this whole electronic house of cards will reach a point where it can be constructed and no higher. Have we already gone too far in this search for peace through the accumulation of peril. Is there any way to halt this trend? Or must we push on with new devices until we inevitably come to judgment before the atom." Such remarks do not appear very often in our newspapers, nor weekly magazines, but we would do well to think of them and incorporate them in our actions. It is time that we drew back from the brink of the catastrophic falls into the clear water of peace and quiet where we have an opportunity to negotiate the difficulties between the nations of the world.

One hears often a statement which is designed to stop thinking and arouse the emotions, namely, "I would rather be dead than red." This is a popular remark, or a popular sign at peace rallies. Perhaps I should not say popular, but one does see it. This problem was discussed in one of the commissions in Oslo and I was interested to hear the Norwegian reaction to this foolish statement. One of the participants said, when asked what the role of the responsible citizen is if there is danger of occupation of her country, she said "Of course, one must allow one's country to be occupied, for one can be occupied and never surrender. This was certainly a surprise to me, for the idea to Americana is of the greatest repugnance that there should be any foreign military power in position of control in this country. Indeed, it is repugnant to me but then the whole idea of war and mass killing is repugnant to me. In the Oslo Statement that I read to you it says quite clearly that loyalty to one's country is not enough and that now one must be loyal to the entire world. In one of the speeches of the people, a man from Norway who now has a professorship in Sweden, it was discussed at length what the role of the citizen is who felt that the frame of reference must be mankind or humanity itself, and at great length he developed the thesis that one must work to prevent one's country from going to war, then if the country went to war, then one must resist one's country because it means the devastation of mankind. This, too, was a completely new concept to me, but one that does not seem to inspire much hostility among the people of Norway and there is some evidence that it is not repugnant to any of the people in the countries who were overrun by Germany in the last war and who understand some of the significance of what a nuclear war would mean to the people of the world.

One might ask how sensible this statement is about being dead rather than red. One could perhaps go to a country where there is a Communist regime which holds the people in control. Now let us assume that these people have a choice. They could decide to live and struggle against their condition, or they could send to the west a plea to have an H bomb dropped on them, their city, at any time, in order to free them from this red yoke. Do you suppose that they would decide to have the H bomb dropped on their city at the present moment? Have you heard of any plea from any person in any Communist country or any group of people to come and annihilate them with nuclear weapons because they are red? No, you have not. One sees that this is a ridiculous idea, because when one is alive one has a chance to struggle and change his condition, but when one is dead, this is the end. Of course, this is not the alternative. The alternative is not to be either dead or red, but the alternative is to work along to better the structure of the world to develop our culture, to develop our social system, to develop the life of the people in the world to an extent that never before has been possible or to have our culture destroyed, our world destroyed, our people destroyed. It seems to be that no sensible person will make this ridiculous remark, that every man of sense and good will will struggle to prevent the outbreak of a nuclear war.

Saint Exupery says that "to love is not to look at one another, but to look at the whole in the same direction." This is our problem now, to look at the whole of the world and the whole of humanity and work for the benefit of this whole. Man must look at himself now as a part of a whole, part of an organism, if you will, and he must realize that an attack on this organism is an attack on himself. Man is unique among the animals of the world in that he had developed at a very early age this habit of attacking himself, attacking a member of his species. This could be tolerated by the species because up until the 20th century, not too much damage was done to man as a whole, although, of course, there has always been great suffering and destruction and irrationality in war. Now, however, that man has developed these weapons with which he can destroy himself, he must now work to get control of the weapons and to not allow himself to be destroyed. We must see to it that the world survives and that man who has just begun to glimpse the future, the wonders that he can provide for himself and for all people in the world if he can saddle himself to this task in a genuine and realistic way. Women, of course, I include in the word man. I should like, though, to emphasize that women have a particular role to play. They could play a much more important role. They must work more actively and more knowledgeably in this work for peace if we are to be successful. We are sometimes discouraged by the small results and indeed the steps backward that we seem to take in this struggle, but if we look at the world from some perspective then we see that there has always been a struggle to initiate change in the world, and this struggle has come always from the people. There is no reason to believe that the world would have progressed from the feudalistic system if it had not been for the development of science which gave people the means to examine their condition and to demand a change in that condition. There is no reason to believe that the world would have automatically progressed from the universal slavery if it had not been that the slaves themselves decided this condition was intolerable and worked to change the order in the world. So, too, is it today. People know now that they have a voice in determining their own lives and their own fate, they realize more and more that war is the most destructive institution of man that now it is capable of destroying not only all of the work that man has worked through these centuries to build, but man himself, and they have decided that an end must be put to this cruel, unjust institution. We can work wholeheartedly for the program which President Kennedy intimated was his intention to inaugurate when he gave his address to the United Nations in September. He is quite right in saying that war unconditional war can no longer lead to unconditional victory, can no longer serve to settle the feuds. He also was correct in saying that we must work together to save our planet. This means that all of the countries must do their part, including the People’s Republic of China.

It is true, too, that some way must be found to strengthen the United Nations, that we must make it more representative of the people, rather than just representing government. This in itself would strengthen it very much. Attention must be given now to law and the agencies of law so that we shall have a way of dealing with the problems of the world once we have decided that war and the threats of war are not a sensible way to solve the world's problems. President Kennedy was wise indeed in suggesting that it was possible to negotiate with the Soviet Union about Berlin. We should all urge him to carry on with his intention to negotiate and ask him to negotiate in a sensible and realistic way and in good faith. We do not want to give anyone the opportunity to say as Monsieur le Ghait said in his book which I quoted before that the West had been remiss in its refusal to negotiate nor do we want to give anyone the opportunity to say, as Mr. Gerson said in the New York Times, that the British felt in Geneva that the United States had not negotiated in good faith. We must now realize the real dangers and that we can no longer use the old system of bluff and counter-bluff in order to secure an advantage for ourselves.

We were in London on the 17th of September when the great demonstration in Trafalgar Square took place. This was a most interesting occasion, although at moments when one was crushed in the midst of many thousands of people and is five feet two inches high, somewhat less than the average of the crowd, it can be rather frightening. There is no doubt that this was a great public demonstration of interest in the problems of nuclear disarmament. The crowd in Trafalgar Square was around 15,000 people, although there must have been another 15,000 on the surrounding streets, since they were all packed to the limit of their capacity.

We visited Lord Russell and his wife after he was released from prison and found him to be in good spirits. He is somewhat pessimistic about man's ability to use his reason and to behave in a rational way. He feels that the impetus towards war has now gained such momentum that it is going to be difficult to reverse this stand. It is as if a huge snowball were going downhill and can we gather enough people before the ball as it hurtles down the steep incline to stop it and allow it to dissolve away in the same way that we can allow and permit the tensions and disagreements among the nations of the world to dissolve away if we can gather enough people below the huge ball and with their shoulders all together, holding it back, instead of allowing it to sweep them all into the abyss which is what nuclear war would do. Russell said, as he was being taken to prison, that "while life remains to us we will not cease to do what lies in our power to avert the greatest calamity that has ever threatened mankind." We must join our voices and our work with the great leaders of our time, such as Lord Russell, Professor Einstein, C. Wright Mills, Professor Neel, Professor Houghton, and others who maintain that peace is the only solution in spite of the pressures which they have experienced to get them to change their point of view.

We as women must organize ourselves. We must take part in these peace activities. We could be much more effective in setting up information headquarters where it would be possible for people to get information as to just what atomic energy is, what atomic bombs are, what they can do, what the shelter program is, what its possibility of doing anything to protect the people is. A very good example of some people who works effectively is the Independent Political Forum in Rochester, New York, which has in the past year organized effective opposition to the shelter program, to the various examples of oppression and distortion such as the film "Operation Abolition" by arousing the people and telling them the truth and getting information to refute specific distortions and specific misstatements of fact. This could serve as an excellent prototype for such organizations everywhere in the country. We must not forget, too, to continue writing our letters. We should set for ourselves a minimum of say two a week to the President and to our officials, letting them know our desires and convictions in these matters.

If we all do our part, we can surely win, because man's reason will not allow him to give way to his emotion and destroy himself.

I should like to end by quoting St. Mathews Passion: "If my weeping may not reach thee, I beseech thee, take, oh take this heart from me."

Typescript: “The Sulvanite Puzzle Resolved” by LP and Peter Pauling. [Letter from LP to Peter Pauling May 15, 1961] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1965), Box #1965a, Folder #1965a.8]

Typescript: “Why I am Opposed to Fallout Shelters.” Printed in the November 1961 issue of Liberation. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a2, Folder 1961a2.11]

Typescript: “Women and the Oslo Conference Against the Spread of Nuclear Weapons.” LP was working on this from June until August. Published in Women of the Whole World, no.11 (November 1961): 9, 34. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a2, Folder #1961a2.1]

Typescripts and Background Material: “Creativity.” [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a3, Folder #1961a3.5]

Typescripts, Abstracts, Notes: “A Spectrophotometric Investigation of the Denaturation of Human Hemoglobins in Alkaline Solution” by Norman Weliky, Richard T. Jones, and LP. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1962), Box #1962a2, Folder #1962a2.8]

Typescripts: “How Fallout Shelters Increase Our Danger,” also titled “The Dead Will Inherit the Earth.” Printed in the Frontier in November. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a2, Folder 1961a2.9]

Typescripts: “No title,” relates to nuclear testing, Letter to the Editor of the New York Times 1961. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1961), Box #1961a3, Folder #1961a3.4]

Typescripts: “Our Hope for the Future” published in Birth Defects, Morris Fishbein, ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1963, 164-170. LP received the request for this manuscript on August 4, 1961 and sent it to the National Foundation on June 25, 1962. [Letter from Rivers to LP August 4, 1961, Letter from LP to VP, Medical Affairs, National Foundation June 25, 1962] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: (Manuscripts and Typescripts of Articles by LP, 1962), Box #1962a2, Folder #1962a2.1]

User Comment Cards RE: General Chemistry, Second Edition. [Filed under LP Books 1953b3.3]

“Joint Anti-Nuclear Protest Rally: (Track 1) Intro By Dr. A.J. Lewis; (Track 2) Conclusion By Dr. Linus Pauling.” Producer unknown. 1/4" audio tape reel. [Filed under LP Audio-Visual: 1961v.3]

“Official Ballot: Officers and Council of the Associated Alumni of the University of New Brunswick and for the Election of a Representative of the Society to the Senate of the University”. List of candidates for 1961-1962. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (N: Correspondence, 1957-1964), #288.5]

“Program Statement of the 1961 National Convention of the Student Peace Union.” [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, St-Wa), Box #4.015, Folder #15.1]

“Psychiatric Resources in California-1961". Biostatistics Section, Bulletin No. 17. State of California, Department of Mental Hygiene. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Organizational Correspondence. (Ca-Ca)), #69.1]

“Religion in Politics and Vice Versa,” by Blanche Lee Puccinelli. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1959-1961), #258.3]

“The Ben Hunter Show.” Jack J. Reeves, producer. 1/4" audio tape reel. [Includes correspondence] [Filed under LP Audio-Visual: 1961v.6]

“The Complacent Americans.” Larry Blake, producer. Vinyl LP record. [transferred to standard audio cassette] [Filed under LP Audio-Visual: 1961v.5]

“Which Way the Wind.” American Friends Service Committee. VHS videocassette. [transferred to DVD; includes correspondence] [Filed under LP Audio-Visual: 1961v.8]

Major Events

Travel

Snapshot

Statistics

Activity Listings - 1961 (No Date)