February 2, 1934

Dear Professors Noyes and Buwalda:

In the years 1927-32 I was very much interested in the structure of the crystals of the silicates and related materials, and devoted much effort to the study of this subject. This work was brought at that time in some degree to its conclusion by the wide application of a set of structural principles for complex ionic crystals. Since then I have been attacking the problem of the sulfide minerals, with the hope of ultimately reaching a similar understanding of the general principles determining their structure, composition, and properties. This program has progressed slowly; my students and I have determined the structure of chalcopyrite, sulvanite, binnite, enargite, tetradymite, and stannite. However, the investigation of more complex crystals and of minerals which do not crystallize well requires some apparatus which we do not possess, and involves extensive and laborious graphical and numerical calculations. May I request you to communicate to the Geological Society of America an application for a grant of money to permit the intensive prosecution of this investigation during the next year?

The grant desired, of the sum of twenty-five hundred dollars, would be expended in following way. About one-half would be used for the construction of x-ray apparatus, consisting of a Weissenberg or Sauter x-ray goniometer attachment to the rotating crystal apparatus, and an accurate powder apparatus, including a metal x-ray tube with replaceable anticathode. The remaining one-half would be used as stipend for the employment of one full-time or two half-time research assistants, to carry out the laborious graphical and numerical work involved in the reduction of the data and to assist with the experimental work.

With this aid, I would plan to carry out during the year ending June 30, 1935, the complete structure determination of pyrargyrite, proustite, pentlandite, and covellite, and of the minerals of the niccolite group (niccolite, pyrrholite, breithauptite, etc.). Preliminary x-ray studies have been made on all of these minerals, which indicate that their careful investigation should provide especially valuable information regarding the general nature of the sulfide structures; and I believe that the completeion of this program would do much to bring the same clarity into the field of sulfide minerals as has been reached for the silicates.

I should be glad to prepare a more detailed formal application if desired.

Very truly yours,

Linus Pauling

Professor A.A. Noyes

Professor J.P. Buwalda

California Institute

February 21, 1934

Professor W. J. Mead,

University of Wisconsin,

Madison, Wisconsin.

Dear Professor Mead:

Acting on the advice of Professor A. N. Winchell, I am sending you the enclosed application for an appropriation from the Geological Society of America for support of a proposed program of research of interest to mineralogy – the structure of the sulfide minerals. Would you please communicate it to your committee?

I should be very glad to provide any further information desired in connection with the application.

Very truly yours

Linus Pauling

LP:M