Ewan Cameron Papers, 1935-1997

2. Human Cancer Trials. 1978-1990.

This intriguing series details the cancer and vitamin C trials that Cameron carried out at the Vale of Leven Hospital in Scotland in collaboration with Linus Pauling and the Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine. The contents are divided into three subseries, organized according to experiment stage.

Boxes 2.001 to 2.016 hold the raw data generated by the experiments, including patient records, case histories and other preliminary data. Boxes 2.017 to 2.020 move into the later stages of the trials, and include final analyses and consequent manuscripts. Boxes 2.021 to 2.023 focus upon the controversy surrounding one of these resulting manuscripts, "Supplemental Ascorbate and Incurable Cancer," which was ultimately rejected for publication by The New England Journal of Medicine. This subseries also includes a manuscript of and correspondence regarding the book Vitamin C and Cancer: Medicine or Politics? by Evelleen Richards.

25 boxes

2.001.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Assorted Patient Records, part 1. 1971, 1974-1981.
1.1.
Correspondence: Human Cancer Trials. 1977-1978.
1.2.
Elementary Statistics: Healthy Controls, Unsupplemented Cancer Patients (LAA, PAA). undated.
1.3.
Human Cancer Trials: Medical Histories. undated.
1.4.
Human Cancer Trials: Patient LAA/PAA Graphs (A-L). 1971, 1974-1978.
1.5.
Human Cancer Trials: Patient LAA/PAA Graphs (M-Z). 1971, 1975-1979.
1.6.
Human Cancer Trials: Patient Recorded Biochemical Results (11/79 - 2/81). 1978-1981.
1.7.
Human Cancer Trials: LAA/PAA Patient Stats (9/77 - 12/79). 1976-1980.
1.8.
Human Cancer Trials: Patient Analysis Printouts (1/81 - 6/81). February, June-July 1981.
1.9.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "Ascorbate Utilization in Human Cancer". undated.
1.10.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "Incurable Cancer, Patient Graphs". undated.
1.11.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "All Cancers, Patient Graphs". undated.
1.12.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "Cancer Survival Time". undated.
1.13.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "LAA vs. Time in Weeks Before Death". undated.
1.14.
Human Cancer Trials Chart: "Cancer Patient and Controls". undated.
1.15.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "Percent Alive vs. Number of Days, Cancer". undated.
1.16.
Human Cancer Trials Graphs: "LAA Levels in Patients - Time vs. Concentration". undated.
1.17.
Human Cancer Trials Data: "Ultra-High Resolution Gas Chromatography". 1976-1977.
1.18.
Photographs: Series of four scanning electron microscopy images of malignant cells and tissue cultures, including those exposed to increasing levels of sodium ascorbate. 1981.

2.002.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Assorted Patient Records, part 2. 1977.
2.1.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Misc. LAA/PAA". 1977.
2.2.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Cardia of Stomach Patients". undated.
2.3.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Kidney Cancer Patients. undated.
2.4.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Prostate Cancer Patients. undated.
2.5.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Rectum Cancer Patients. undated.
2.6.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Carcinoma of Pancreas Patients. undated.
2.7.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Breast Cancer Patients. undated.
2.8.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Carcinoma of the Colon Patients. undated.
2.9.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Bladder Cancer Patients. undated.
2.10.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Stomach Cancer Patients (excluding Cardia Control Patients). undated.
2.11.
Human Cancer Trial Records: LAA Graphs/PAA graphs. undated.
2.12.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Ascorbate in Terminal Cancer Survey". undated.
2.13.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Assorted computer program printouts. undated.
2.14.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Life Table, empty graphs. undated.

2.003.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Cancer Patient Forms from the Dumbarton District Laboratory. 1977-1978, 1980-1982.
3.1.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. August - October 1977.
3.2.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. November - December 1977.
3.3.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. January 1978 - April 1978.
3.4.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. May 1978.
3.5.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. June 1978 - July 1978.
3.6.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. August 1978 - October 1980.
3.7.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. December 1981 - January 1982.
3.8.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. February 1982.
3.9.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. March 1982.
3.10.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. April-May 1982.
3.11.
Dumbarton District Laboratory: Cancer Patient Forms. June 1982.

2.004.
Human Cancer Trial Records Notebook: Patient Responses to Nutritional Supplements [oversized box]. 1981-1982.

2.005.
Human Cancer Trial Records Notebook: Individual Patient LAA/PAA Tables and Graphs [oversized box]. 1977-1982.

2.006.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Patient Printouts, part 1. 1978-1979, 1983-1984 .

2.007.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Patient Printouts, part 2. 1978-1984.

2.008.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Patient Printouts, part 3. 1978-1979, 1984, 1987.

2.009.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Patient Printouts, part 4. 1970, 1979-1982.

2.010.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Documents from Notebook Labeled "Cameron" [sorted same order as notebook]. 1977, 1983-1984.
10.1.
Article: "Using the Tektronix 4025 Graphics Terminal and 4662 Plotter". November 1983.
10.2.
Notes: "Instructions for Dialing Another Computer from a Terminal". November 29, 1983.
10.3.
Article: "SAS/Graph Now Available for Color Graphics". January 9, 1984.
10.4.
Form: "Stanford University Center for Information Technology User-Owned Tape Submittal Form". March 18, 1982.
10.5.
Computer Printout: L AX3749 (bin 442). July 3, 1984.
10.6.
Computer Printout: SURVPLOT (bin 442). January 3, 1984.
10.7.
Computer Printout: Formats (bin 442), 3/23/83. March 23, 1983.
10.8.
Computer Printout: Checks (bin 442), 1/17/84. January 17, 1984.
10.9.
Computer Printout: RUN3 (bin 442), 3/23/83. March 23, 1983.
10.10.
Computer Printout: RUN2 (bin 442), 3/23/83. March 23, 1983.
10.11.
Computer Printout: Tapedisk (bin 442), 3/18/83. March 18, 1983.
10.12.
Computer Printout: L AX3749 (bin 442), 3/18/83. March 18, 1983.
10.13.
Computer Printout: L AX3749 (bin 442), 11/15/84. November 15, 1984.
10.14.
Computer Printout: COUNTS2 (bin 442), 1/19/84. January 19, 1984.
10.15.
"Cancer Table". 1985.
10.16.
"Notes". undated.
10.17.
Large Computer Printout with Notes. March 24, 1983.
10.18.
Sample Patient Form with Notes. January 15, 1983.
10.19.
Peto, R. et al. "Design and Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Requiring Prolonged Observations of Each Patient: II. Analysis and Examples", British Journal of Cancer, 35, 1 1977.

2.011.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Literature Searches and Data Analysis Printouts. 1970-1977, 1979-1985, 1987.
11.1.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Assorted Literature Searches and Bibliographies. 1970-1977, 1980-1984, 1992.
11.2.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Assorted Data Analysis Computer Printouts. 1979, 1981, 1983-1985, 1987.

2.012.
Human Cancer Trial Records Notebook: "SurvTest" data and handwritten notes. 1983.

Contains JOB 1 (bin 442), 3/21/83 JOB 2A (bin 442), 3/21/83 JOB 2B (bin 442), 4/4/83 JOB 2C (bin 442), 4/4/83 JOB 2D (bin 442), 4/4/83 JOB 2E (bin 442), 4/4/83 JOB 3 (bin 442), 4/4/83 TMTHU622 (bin 192), 3/15/83.


2.013.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Administrative Records. 1966-1968, 1970-1981.
13.1.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Cancer Trial Plans". 1980.
13.2.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Summary of Purpose and Methods". undated.
13.3.
Human Cancer Trial Records: blank cancer registration cards. 1980, 1982.
13.4.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Visuals. undated.
13.5.
Work Descriptions: "Clinical Measure of Well-Being in Cancer Patients (September 30, 1980.)".
13.6.
Human Cancer Trial Records: cancer case recording codes. 1978.
13.7.
Human Cancer Trial Records: cancer patient sheets. 1966-1968, 1970-1976.
13.8.
Human Cancer Trial Records: blank master cancer case registration cards. 1980.
13.9.
Human Cancer Trial Records: patient table. undated.
13.10.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Study of All Dead Patients on Register". 1979.
13.11.
Human Cancer Trial Records: "Hyaluronidase". 1977-1979, 1981.

2.014.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Case Studies/Medical Histories (A - K). 1974-1980, 1983-1987.
14.1.
Human Cancer Trial Records: correspondent case histories. undated.
14.2.
Human Cancer Trial Records: other case studies. 1978, 1980, 1983-1987.
14.3.
Human Cancer Trial Records: assorted materials. 1974-1980.

2.015.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Case Studies/Medical Histories (L - Z). 1975-1981, 1985, 1988.

2.016.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Oversized Graphs from Human Cancer Trials. 1984-1985.

2.017.
Human Cancer Trial Records: Oversized Box Originally Labeled "EC 38: Memorial Files". undated.

Contains Human Cancer Trials notes, manuscripts, computer printouts, and other documents.


2.018.
Correspondence from "EC 38: Memorial Files" box. 1975, 1978-1979, 1982-1990.
18.1.
Correspondence: American Institute for Cancer Research grant application. 1983-1987.
18.2.
Correspondence: Bruce Ames [Department of Biochemistry, University of California]. 1978.
18.3.
Correspondence: Ronald Anderson. 1979.
18.4.
Correspondence: Anita [MacLellan?]. 1979.
18.5.
Correspondence: Gladys Block. 1989-1990.
18.6.
Correspondence: D. Cane [Johnsen & Jorgensen Ltd.]. 1975.
18.7.
Correspondence: Lon Crosby. [Request to Linus Pauling to review attached manuscript: "Vitamin C Status in Newly Diagnosed Childhood Malignancies", by Jim Kimball, Patricia Carter, and Ayten Cangir]. undated.
18.8.
Correspondence: Richard Hicks [includes note from Linus Pauling]. 1979.
18.9.
Correspondence: Lisbeth Kraft [regarding guinea pigs]. 1979.
18.10.
Correspondence: Nathaniel Lehrman. 1989.
18.11.
Correspondence: Daniel Malamud. 1979.
18.12.
Correspondence: Richard Marcuson. 1982.
18.13.
Correspondence: Hank Mayer. 1979.
18.14.
Correspondence: Margaret Patterson. undated.
18.15.
Correspondence: Linus Pauling [memorandum to Cameron]. January 2, 1979.
18.16.
Correspondence: Beatrice Rast [Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers]. January 3, 1989.
18.17.
Correspondence: Douglas Rickert [Glaxo Research Laboratories]. June 5, 1989.
18.18.
Correspondence: Tamara Salisbury [Executive Director, National Foundation for Cancer Research]. December 1978.
18.19.
Correspondence: L. J. Smith [Efamol Ltd.]. November 26, 1979.
18.20.
Correspondence: R. Arnold Smith [Mississippi Baptist Medical Center]. January 17, 1978.
18.21.
Correspondence: Colin Thomson [Regional Director, National Foundation for Cancer Research]. March 28, 1983.
18.22.
Correspondence: Homer Wellman. 1979.
18.23.
Assorted Materials. 1988-1989.

2.019.
Human Cancer Trial Results: Manuscript Drafts. 1977-1979, 1981, 1984-1985.
19.1.
Unidentified and Incomplete Parts of Papers. 1978.
19.2.
Manuscript: "Ascorbate Utilization In Cancer Patients: Report of Biomedical Data Collected September 1977 - September 1979." [incomplete].
19.3.
Manuscript: "Could There Be Any Truth to the Claim that Vitamin C Might Be of Any Help to Your Cancer Patients?" [incomplete]. May 1981.
19.4.
Manuscript: "The Effect of Platelets on the Apparent Leucocyte Ascorbic Acid Content". undated.
19.5.
Manuscript: "Hyalurondase and Cell Proliferation: A Working Hypothesis with the Potential for Cancer Control". undated.
19.6.
Manuscript: "A Method for the Measurement of Absorbic Acid in Leucocytes and Plasma". undated.
19.7.
Manuscript: "NFCR: Layman's Report, Vale of Leven District General Hospital" [incomplete]. undated.
19.8.
Manuscript: "Some Observations on Ascorbic Metabolism in Cancer Patients," with notes and printouts. undated.
19.9.
Manuscript: "A Theoretical Explanation for the Relationship Between the Leucocyte Ascorbic Acid and the Leucocyte Count". undated.
19.10.
Manuscript: "Ascorbate Metabolism in Cancer Patients". undated.

2.020.
Human Cancer Trial Results: "Ascorbate Requirement and Utilization in Human Cancer". 1977-1978, 1980.
20.1.
Complete/Nearly Complete Drafts: "Ascorbate Requirement and Utilization in Human Cancer". 1980.
20.2.
Appendices, Tables: "Ascorbate Requirement and Utilization in Human Cancer". undated.
20.3.
Incomplete Drafts: "Ascorbate Requirement and Utilization in Human Cancer". 1977-1978.

2.021.
Human Cancer Trial Results: "A Computer-Based Information System to Determine the Value of Different Forms of Treatment in Human Cancer". 1981-1982.
21.1.
Drafts and Memorandum from Linus Pauling: "A Computer-Based Information System to Determine the Value of Different Forms of Treatment in Human Cancer". October 18, 1982.
21.2.
Complete/Nearly Complete Drafts: "A Computer-Based Information System to Determine the Value of Different Forms of Treatment in Human Cancer". undated.
21.3.
Loose Appendices: "A Computer-Based Information System to Determine the Value of Different Forms of Treatment in Human Cancer". 1981.
21.4.
Incomplete Drafts: "A Computer-Based Information System to Determine the Value of Different Forms of Treatment in Human Cancer". undated.

2.022.
Human Cancer Trial Results: "Nutrition and Resistance to Established Cancer: Effect of Supplemental Ascorbate". 1978, 1980-1981.
22.1.
Drafts: "Nutrition and Resistance to Established Cancer: Effect of Supplemental Ascorbate". 1981.
22.2.
Notes: "Nutrition and Resistance to Established Cancer: Effect of Supplemental Ascorbate". 1978, 1980.
22.3.
Appendices: "Nutrition and Resistance to Established Cancer: Effect of Supplemental Ascorbate". 1981.
22.4.
Manuscript: "Nutrition and Resistance to Established Cancer: Effect of Supplemental Ascorbate". undated.
22.5.
Incomplete Drafts. undated.

2.023.
Human Cancer Trial Results: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer". 1976-1978, 1982, 1984-1988.
23.1.
Drafts: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer". 1986.
23.2.
Figures and Tables: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer". undated.
23.3.
Drafts: "Supplemental Ascorbate and Survival Time in Incurable Cancer". 1988.
23.4.
Assorted Materials: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer: An Epidemiological Observation," file 1. undated.
23.5.
Assorted Materials: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer: An Epidemiological Observation," file 2. undated.
23.6.
Drafts: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer: An Epidemiological Study". 1987.
23.7.
Tables and Figures: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer". undated.
23.8.
Drafts: "Supplemental Ascorbate in the Supportive Treatment of Cancer: Re-evaluation of Prolongation of Survival Times in Terminal Human Cancer". 1976-1978.
23.9.
Article: "Linus Pauling Defends Himself Against NCI". undated.
23.10.
Assorted Materials re: Moertel Ascorbic Acid Trials, Mayo Clinic, 1977.
23.11.
Assorted Materials re: Moertel Laetrile Article, 1982.
23.12.
Article: "High Dose Vitamin C vs. Placebo in the Treatment of Patients with Advanced Cancer Who Have Had No Prior Chemotherapy", Charles Moertel, New England Journal of Medicine, January 17, 1985.
23.13.
Assorted Materials re: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer" Controversy. 1984.

2.024.
Correspondence re: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer" Controversy. 1979-1980, 1984-1988.
24.1.
Correspondence: support for "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer". 1988.
24.2.
Correspondence: with peers, 1986-1988.
24.3.
Correspondence: with friends regarding "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer". 1987-1988.
24.4.
Correspondence: New England Journal of Medicine and Mayo Clinic study responses, 1979.
24.5.
Correspondence: New England Journal of Medicine Letters to the Editor, January 1980.
24.6.
Correspondence: Cameron vs. New England Journal of Medicine; Mayo Clinic article debate, 1985.
24.7.
Rejection Letters: "Supplemental Ascorbate in the Supportive Treatment of Cancer". 1985-1987.
24.8.
Correspondence re: submission of "Supplemental Ascorbate in the Supportive Treatment of Cancer" to The Lancet, November 1984.
24.9.
Correspondence: reply from The Lancet regarding "Supplemental Ascorbate in the Supportive Treatment of Cancer," December 1984.
24.10.
Rejection Letters: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer," 1984-1986.
24.11.
Rejection Letters: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer," 1987.
24.12.
Correspondence re: New England Journal of Medicine rejection of "An Analysis of a Randomized Double-Blind Study of the Effects of Giving Vitamin C to Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer and then Stopping the Vitamin C and Administering Chemotherapy". 1987.
24.13.
Revised Versions of "An Analysis of a Randomized Double-Blind Study of the Effects of Giving Vitamin C to Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer and then Stopping the Vitamin C and Administering Chemotherapy," and "Response to the New England Journal of Medicine," 1987.
24.14.
Rejection Letters: "Supplemental Ascorbate in Incurable Cancer," 1988.

2.025.
Materials re: Vitamin C and Cancer: Medicine or Politics?, by Evelleen Richards. 1979, 1983-1990.
25.1.
Correspondence re: Vitamin C and Cancer: Medicine or Politics?. 1983-1986.
25.2.
Correspondence re: Vitamin C and Cancer: Medicine or Politics?. 1987-1990.
25.3.
Articles by Evelleen Richards. 1986.
25.4.
Manuscript: Viatmin C and Cancer: Medicine or Politics?. undated.
25.5.
Manuscript: Chapter 5 - "The First Mayo Clinic Trial," by Evelleen Richards. 1979.

< Previous Series
1. Mice Cancer Experiments.
Next Series >
3. Institutional Information and Correspondence.